丁酸梭菌对断奶期犊牛生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.01.044

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摘要本试验旨在研究丁酸梭菌（Clostridium butyricum）对断奶期犊牛生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响。选取12头体重相近、健康状况良好的50日龄荷斯坦公犊牛，随机分为2组，每组6个重复，每个重复1头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，丁酸梭菌组在基础饲粮基础上添加2.0×10⁸ CFU/kg丁酸梭菌。试验期共20 d（断奶前10 d和断奶后10 d），分别在试验第10天和第20天采集血样。结果表明：1）从整个试验期来看，丁酸梭菌组犊牛的平均日增重（ADG）显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；丁酸梭菌组的饲料效率（FE）较对照组有增高的趋势（P=0.09），且犊牛腹泻率比对照组降低了3.62百分点。2）试验第20天时，丁酸梭菌组犊牛血清胆固醇（CHOL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）含量均较对照组显著降低（P<0.05），且血清低密度脂蛋白（LDL）含量较对照组有降低趋势（P=0.07）。3）试验第10天时，丁酸梭菌组犊牛血清还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量较对照组有升高的趋势（P=0.06）；试验第20天时，丁酸梭菌组犊牛血清丙二醛（MDA）含量较对照组极显著降低（P<0.01）。4）试验第20天时，丁酸梭菌组犊牛血清免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、免疫球蛋白M（IgM）、免疫球蛋白G（IgG）含量较对照组极显著增加（P<0.01）。由此可见，饲粮中添加2.0×10⁸ CFU/kg丁酸梭菌能够提高犊牛断奶期的生长性能，降低腹泻率，降低血清MDA的含量，增强犊牛的免疫功能，有效缓解犊牛的断奶应激。因此，丁酸梭菌可以作为一种新型的益生菌制剂应用于犊牛培育中。

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关键词 ：犊牛, 断奶应激, 丁酸梭菌, 生长性能, 抗氧化能力, 免疫功能

Abstract：This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Clostridium butyricum on growth performance, serum biochemical indexes, antioxidant capacity and immune function of weaning calves. Twelve Holstein bull calves aged about 50 days with similar body weight and health condition were randomly assigned to 2 groups with 6 replicates per group and 1 calf per replicate. The calves in control group (CON group) were fed a basal diet, and those in Clostridium butyricum group (CB group) were fed the basal diet supplemented with 2.0×10⁸ CFU/kg Clostridium butyricum. The trial lasted for 20 days including 10 days before weaning and 10 days after weaning, and the blood samples were sampled at the 10th and 20th day of trial. The results showed as follows:1) during the whole trial, the average daily gain (ADG) of calves in CB group was significantly higher than that in CON group (P<0.05); the feed efficiency (FE) of CB group had an increase trend compared with CON group (P=0.09) and the diarrhea rate of calves in CB group was 3.62 percentage point lower than that in CON group. 2) The contents of serum cholesterol (CHOL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in CB group decreased significantly (P<0.05) and the content of serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) tended to be lower than that in CON group (P=0.07) at the 20th day of trial. 3) At the 10th day of trial, the content of serum glutathione (GSH) in CB group tended to be higher than that of CON group (P=0.06); at the 20th day of trial, the content of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) in CB group was extremely significantly decreased compared with CON group (P<0.01). 4) At the 20th day of trial, the contents of immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in serum of calves in CB group were extremely significantly increased compared with CON group (P<0.01). It is concluded that adding 2.0×10⁸ CFU/kg Clostridium butyricum into the diet for weaning calves can improve the growth performance, reduce the diarrhea rate, decrease the serum MDA content, improve the immune function and effectively relieve weaning stress of calves. Therefore, Clostridium butyrate can be used as a new probiotic preparation in calf production.

Key words： calf weaning stress Clostridium butyrate growth performance antioxidant capacity immune function

收稿日期: 2018-06-25

PACS:

S816

基金资助:

国家奶牛产业技术体系项目（CARS-36）

通讯作者: 张永根,教授,博士生导师,E-mail:zhangyonggen@sina.com E-mail: zhangyonggen@sina.com

作者简介: 李文茜(1993-),女,黑龙江伊春人,硕士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物营养。E-mail:547621628@qq.com

引用本文:

李文茜, 周爽, 张立阳, 王楠, 孙雨坤, 张永根. 丁酸梭菌对断奶期犊牛生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019, 31(1): 369-377.
LI Wenxi, ZHOU Shuang, ZHANG Liyang, WANG Nan, SUN Yukun, ZHANG Yonggen. Effects of Clostridium butyricum on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indexes, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Function of Weaning Calves. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2019, 31(1): 369-377.

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http://www.chinajan.com/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.01.044 或 http://www.chinajan.com/CN/Y2019/V31/I1/369

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