无动物性蛋白质饲粮添加胍基乙酸对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道屏障的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.06.019

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摘要本试验旨在探讨在断奶仔猪饲粮中采用一定量的胍基乙酸与去皮豆粕替代鱼粉，研究其对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生理生化相关指标以及肠道屏障功能的影响。试验选取42日龄"杜×长×大"三元杂交断奶仔猪204头，随机分为3组（每组4个重复，每个重复17头），分别为对照组（饲喂含3%秘鲁进口鱼粉的基础饲粮）、无动物性蛋白质组（用3%去皮豆粕替代对照组饲粮中3%的鱼粉）、胍基乙酸组（在无动物性蛋白质组饲粮中添加600 mg/kg胍基乙酸），参与试验的各组饲粮调整后营养水平和限制性氨基酸含量均相同。试验期为28 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，在无动物性蛋白质饲粮中添加600 mg/kg胍基乙酸显著提高断奶仔猪的末重（P<0.05），极显著提高断奶仔猪平均日增重（P<0.01），显著降低料重比（P<0.05），且断奶仔猪的死淘率无显著差异（P≥0.05）；与对照组相比，采用3%的去皮豆粕替代3%的鱼粉，断奶仔猪的死淘率增加了33.33%（P≥0.05），而在此基础上添加适量的胍基乙酸后死淘率降低至与对照组同一水平。2）与对照组相比，在无动物性蛋白质饲粮中添加胍基乙酸显著提高断奶仔猪血清中总蛋白和球蛋白的含量（P<0.05），对血清中脂代谢、糖代谢以及相关激素指标均无显著影响（P≥0.05）。3）与对照组相比，在无动物性蛋白质饲粮中添加胍基乙酸除显著降低断奶仔猪空肠绒毛高度（P<0.05）外，对空肠隐窝深度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度（V/C）值以及对十二指肠、回肠的绒毛高度、隐窝深度和V/C值均无显著影响（P≥0.05）。4）与对照组相比，在无动物性蛋白质饲粮中添加胍基乙酸极显著增加断奶仔猪十二指肠和回肠封闭蛋白（occludin）的表达量（P<0.01），显著增加十二指肠闭合蛋白-1（claudin-1）的表达量（P<0.05），显著降低血清内毒素的含量（P<0.05），极显著增加空肠和回肠的杯状细胞数量（P<0.01），显著提高回肠抗炎因子白细胞介素-10（IL-10）的mRNA表达量（P<0.05）；与无动物性蛋白质组相比，在无动物性蛋白质饲粮中添加胍基乙酸极显著增加断奶仔猪回肠occludin的表达量（P<0.01），显著增加十二指肠occludin和空肠claudin-1的表达量（P<0.05），显著降低血清内毒素的含量（P<0.05）。由此可见，在无动物性蛋白质饲粮中添加600 mg/kg胍基乙酸能有效改善断奶仔猪的肠道屏障功能，促进仔猪的生长。

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	司徒金水
	王杰
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	王忠刚
	朱芳
	杨富岭
	江青艳
	朱晓彤
	罗旭芳

关键词 ：胍基乙酸, 断奶仔猪, 生长性能, 肠道屏障

Abstract：The objective of this study was to explore the effects of substitution of guanidinoacetic acid and soybean meal for fish meal on growth performance, serum physiological and biochemical indicators and intestinal barrier function of weaned piglets. A total of 204 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire crossbred weaned piglets aged at 42 days were randomly divided into 3 groups (4 replicates in each group and 17 pigs in each replicate) as the control group (fed a basal diet containing 3% fish meal from Peru), no animal protein group (3% fish meal in the control diet replaced by 3% dehulled soybean meal), and guanidinoacetic acid group (600 mg/kg guanidinoacetic acid supplementation in no animal protein diet). Nutrient levels and restricted amino acid contents were the same in all groups after dietary adjustment. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the control group, the 600 mg/kg guanidinoacetic acid supplementation in no animal protein diet significantly increased the final weight of weaned piglets (P<0.05), extremely significantly increased the average daily weight gain of weaned piglets (P<0.01), significantly reduced the feed to gain ratio (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the death rate of weaned piglets (P≥0.05). But the death rate of weaned piglets increased by 33.33% when 3% fish meal in the control diet replaced by 3% dehulled soybean meal, and while the death rate of weaned piglets decreased to the same level as that of the control group after adding appropriate amount of guanidinoacetic acid. 2) Compared with the control group, guanidinoacetic acid supplementation in no animal protein diet significantly increased the serum contents of total protein and globulin of weaned piglets (P<0.05), and had no significant effects on serum indices of lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism and related hormone (P≥0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, guanidinoacetic acid supplementation in no animal protein diet significantly reduced the villus height in jejunum of weaned piglets (P<0.05), but had no significant effects on the crypt depth, the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (V/C) in jejunum, and the villi height, crypt depth and V/C in duodenum and ileum (P≥0.05). 4) Compared with the control group, guanidinoacetic acid supplementation in no animal protein diet extremely significantly increased the occludin expression in duodenum and ileum of weaned piglets (P<0.01), significantly increased the claudin-1 expression in duodenum (P<0.05), significantly decreased the serum endotoxin content (P<0.05), extremely significantly increased the number of goblet cells in jejunum and ileum (P<0.01), and significantly increased the mRNA expression level of the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10 (IL-10) in ileum (P<0.05). Compared with the no animal protein group, guanidinoacetic acid supplementation in no animal protein diet extremely significantly increased the occludin expression in ileum (P<0.01), significantly increased the occludin expression in duodenum and claudin-1 expression in jejunum (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the serum endotoxin content (P<0.05). In conclusion, 600 mg/kg guanidinoacetic acid supplementation in no animal protein diet can effectively improve the intestinal barrier function of weaned piglets and promote the growth of piglets.

Key words： guanidineacetic acid weaned piglets growth performance intestinal barrier

收稿日期: 2019-12-24

PACS:

S816.7

基金资助:国家重点计划研发课题（2017YFD0502301）；横向课题胍基乙酸对断奶仔猪生长影响的研究（H2017231）

通讯作者: 罗旭芳,副教授,硕士生导师,E-mail:13902373179@163.com E-mail: 13902373179@163.com

作者简介: 司徒金水(1995-),男,广东江门人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料资源开发。E-mail:1101703115@qq.com

引用本文:

司徒金水, 王杰, 高萍, 王忠刚, 朱芳, 杨富岭, 江青艳, 朱晓彤, 罗旭芳. 无动物性蛋白质饲粮添加胍基乙酸对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道屏障的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020, 32(6): 2601-2610.
SITU Jinshui, WANG Jie, GAO Ping, WANG Zhonggang, ZHU Fang, YANG Fuling, JIANG Qingyan, ZHU Xiaotong, LUO Xufang. Effects of Guanidinoacetic Acid Supplementation in No Animal Protein Diet on Growth Performance and Intestinal Barrier of Weaned Piglets. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020, 32(6): 2601-2610.

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http://www.chinajan.com/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.06.019 或 http://www.chinajan.com/CN/Y2020/V32/I6/2601

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