Effects of Benzoic Acid on Growth Performance, Immune Function and Serum Antioxidant Capacity of Broilers Challenged by Coccidia
HUANG Lingjie, PENG Huanwei, ZHANG Keying, BAI Shiping, WANG Jianping, ZENG Qiufeng, DING Xuemei
Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
Abstract：This study was to investigate the effects of benzoic acid (BA) on growth performance, immune function and serum antioxidant capacity of broilers challenged by coccidia. A 2×3 double factors design was used to select 540 one-day-old healthy Arbor Acres (AA) white-feathered male broilers, 2 kinds of challenge treatments (administered sterile saline or 30-fold coccidiosis vaccine), 3 kinds of benzoic acid sources [no adding BA (N-B) in the diet, adding 0.05% enteric-coated sustained-release BA (ES-B) or 0.10% uncoated BA (NC-B)], a total of 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 15 broilers per replicate. The trial lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows: 1) dietary BA had a tendency to increase body weight (BW) at 42 days of age and body weight gain (BWG) from 1 to 42 days of age of broilers (P=0.058, P=0.057). Coccidia infection significantly decreased BW (except for that at 14 days of age), BWG and average feed intake (AFI) (except for those from 1 to 14 days of age) (P<0.05), and significantly increased the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) of broilers from 15 to 21 days of age (P<0.05), and decline range of growth performance in N-B group was greater than that in ES-B and NC-B groups. 2) Dietary BA significantly increased serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) content and thymus index at 21 days of age and serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) content at 42 days of age, and had a tendency to decrease serum nitric oxide (NO) content of broilers at 42 days of age (P=0.068). Coccidia infection significantly increased serum albumin (ALB) content at 42 days of age, and significantly decreased serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity at 21 days of age and serum IgM content of broilers 42 days of age (P<0.05). Dietary BA and coccidia infection had significant interaction on serum IgM content of broilers at 21 days of age (P<0.05), it is showed as under the condition of coccidia infection, dietary BA increased serum IgM content, and ES-B group had the best effects. 3) Dietary BA significantly increased serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and significantly decreased serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content of broilers at 21 days of age (P<0.05). Dietary BA and coccidia infection had significant interaction on serum MDA content and GSH-Px activity of broilers at 42 days of age (P<0.05), it is showed as under the conditions of coccidia infection, dietary BA increased serum GSH-Px activity and decreased MDA content (P<0.05), and NC-B group had the best effects. In conclusion, dietary BA can improve growth performance of broilers; under the conditions of coccidia infection, dietary BA can alleviate the degradation of growth performance caused by coccidia infection by improving health and immune function, and 0.05% ES-B has better improvement effects.
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