25-羟基维生素D<sub>3</sub>与维生素D<sub>3</sub>共晶对肉鸭生长性能、免疫功能及胫骨发育的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.03.029

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摘要本试验旨在探讨一种新型的维生素D添加剂，即25-羟基维生素D₃（25-OH-D₃）与维生素D₃共晶对肉鸭生长性能、免疫功能及胫骨发育的影响。选取360只1日龄健康樱桃谷肉公鸭，随机分为3个组，每组6个重复，每个重复20只。T1组在基础饲粮中添加69.0 μg/kg 25-OH-D₃与66.0 μg/kg维生素D₃物理混合物，T2组在基础饲粮中添加135.0 μg/kg 25-OH-D₃与维生素D₃共晶，T3组在基础饲粮中添加67.5 μg/kg 25-OH-D₃与维生素D₃共晶。试验期35 d，分为1~14日龄和15~35日龄2个阶段。结果表明：1）与T1组相比，T2组肉鸭35日龄体重以及15~35日龄和1~35日龄平均日增重（ADG）和平均日采食量（ADFI）显著提高（P<0.05），35日龄胸肌肉色亮度值显著增加（P<0.05），35日龄脾脏指数显著降低（P<0.05），14日龄血清Ⅰ型胶原C端肽含量和35日龄血清钙含量显著升高（P<0.05），35日龄胫骨粗灰分含量及胫骨生长板宽度和宽度系数显著增加（P<0.05）。2）与T1组相比，T3组肉鸭1~35日龄ADG和15~35日龄ADFI显著提高（P<0.05），14日龄血液嗜酸细胞百分率和35日龄血液单核细胞计数显著增加（P<0.05），14日龄血清钙和降钙素含量显著降低（P<0.05），14日龄胫骨钙含量以及35日龄胫骨体积和粗灰分含量显著降低（P<0.05），35日龄胫骨生长板厚度、厚度系数、宽度系数和横截面积显著增加（P<0.05）。3）与T2组相比，T3组肉鸭35日龄胸肌剪切力显著提高（P<0.05），14日龄法氏囊指数和35日龄脾脏指数显著提高（P<0.05），14日龄血液中性粒细胞百分率、单核细胞百分率、嗜碱细胞百分率以及单核细胞计数显著升高（P<0.05），14日龄血液淋巴细胞百分率显著降低（P<0.05），14日龄血清降钙素含量和35日龄血清钙和Ⅰ型胶原C端肽含量显著降低（P<0.05），14日龄胫骨粗灰分和磷含量以及35日龄胫骨钙含量显著降低（P<0.05），14日龄胫骨生长板宽度和宽度系数显著增加（P<0.05）。由此可见，饲粮中添加25-OH-D₃与维生素D₃共晶对于肉鸭的生长性能、免疫功能及胫骨发育有显著影响，且具有剂量依赖性，表现为饲粮中添加135.0 μg/kg 25-OH-D₃与维生素D₃共晶效果更佳。

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	王昊宇
	刘延芬
	张克英
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	白世平
	王建萍
	彭焕伟
	玄玥
	宿卓薇
	曾秋凤

关键词 ： 25-OH-D₃与维生素D₃共晶, 肉鸭, 生长性能, 免疫功能, 胫骨发育, 生长板系数

Abstract：This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a new type vitamin additive containing 25 hydroxyvitamin D₃ (25-OH-D₃) and vitamin D₃ eutectic on growth performance, immune function and tibial development of meat ducks. A total of 360 one-day-old healthy Cherry Valley male ducks were randomly assigned to 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 20 ducks per replicate. Ducks in T1 group 1were fed a basal diet supplemented with 69.0 μg/kg 25-OH-D₃ and 66.0 μg/kg vitamin D₃ physical mixture, ducks in T2 group 2 were fed a basal diet supplemented with 135.0 μg/kg 25-OH-D₃ and vitamin D₃ eutectic, and ducks in T3 group 3 were fed a basal diet supplemented with 67.5 μg/kg 25-OH-D₃ and vitamin D₃ eutectic. The experiment lasted for 35 days, and consisted two phases of 1 to 14 days of age and 15 to 35 days of age. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with T1 group, the body weight at 35 days of age and average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) during 15 to 35 days of age and 1 to 35 days of age of meat ducks of T2 group were significantly increased (P<0.05), the breast muscle brightness value at 35 days of age was significantly increased (P<0.05), the spleen index at 35 days of age was significantly decreased (P<0.05), the serum type Ⅰ C-terminal peptide content at 14 days of age and serum calcium content at 35 days of age were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the tibial ash content and tibial growth plate width and width coefficient were significantly increased (P<0.05). 2) Compared with T1 group, the ADG during 1 to 35 days of age and ADFI during 15 to 35 days of age of meat ducks of T3 group were significantly increased (P<0.05), the blood acidophile percentage at 14 days of age and blood monocyte count at 35 days of age were significantly increased (P<0.05), the contents of calcium and calcitonin in serum at 14 days of age were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the tibia calcium content at 14 days of age and tibia volume and ash content at 35 days of age were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the thickness, thickness index, width index and cross-sectional area of tibia growth plate at 35 days of age were significantly increased (P<0.05). 3) Compared with T2 group, the breast muscle shear force at 35 days of age of meat ducks of T3 group was significantly increased (P<0.05), the bursa of Fabricius index at 14 days of age and spleen index at 35 days of age were significantly increased (P<0.05), the blood neutrophils percentage, monocyte percentage, basophils percentage and monocyte count at 14 days of age were significantly increased (P<0.05), the blood lymphocyte percentage at 14 days of age was significantly decreased (P<0.05), the serum calcitonin content at 14 days of age and serum calcium and type Ⅰ C-terminal peptide content at 35 days of age were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the width and width index of tibia growth plate at 14 days of age were significantly increased (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary 25-OH-D₃ and vitamin D₃ eutectic supplementation have significant effects on the growth performance, immune function and tibial development of meat ducks, and has a dose dependence, it is showed that dietary 135.0 μg/kg 25-OH-D₃ and vitamin D₃ eutectic have better results.

Key words： 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ and vitamin D₃ eutectic meat ducks growth performance immune function tibial development growth plate coefficient

收稿日期: 2020-07-27

PACS:

S834

基金资助:现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-42-10）；上海药物研究所资金资助

通讯作者: 曾秋凤,教授,博士生导师,E-mail:zqf@sicau.edu.cn E-mail: zqf@sicau.edu.cn

作者简介: 王昊宇(1997-),男,内蒙古鄂尔多斯人,硕士研究生,从事家禽营养研究。E-mail:804898567@qq.com

引用本文:

王昊宇, 刘延芬, 张克英, 丁雪梅, 白世平, 王建萍, 彭焕伟, 玄玥, 宿卓薇, 曾秋凤. 25-羟基维生素D₃与维生素D₃共晶对肉鸭生长性能、免疫功能及胫骨发育的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021, 33(3): 1469-1481.
WANG Haoyu, LIU Yanfen, ZHANG Keying, DING Xuemei, BAI Shiping, WANG Jianping, PENG Huanwei, XUAN Yue, SU Zhuowei, ZENG Qiufeng. Effects of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D₃ and Vitamin D₃ Eutectic on Growth Performance, Immune Function and Tibia Development of Meat Ducks. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021, 33(3): 1469-1481.

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