本试验旨在研究饲粮添加姜粉对肉牛营养物质消化吸收的影响。选择年龄、体重[（400±20） kg]相近，安装有永久性瘤胃、十二指肠近端和回肠末端瘘管的鲁西黄牛阉公牛4头，采用4×4拉丁方设计，对照组饲喂基础饲粮，3个试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.5、1.0和1.5 g/kg生姜粉的试验饲粮。试验分4期完成，每期21 d，其中预试期15 d，正试期6 d。结果表明：1）饲粮添加0.5、1.0和1.5 g/kg的姜粉显著降低了回肠和直肠中性洗涤纤维（NDF）含量（P<0.05），十二指肠NDF含量有降低的趋势（P=0.079）；与对照组相比，添加1.0和1.5 g/kg姜粉显著降低了瘤胃和直肠的酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）含量（P<0.05）。2）饲粮添加1.0 g/kg姜粉显著提高了干物质（DM）、NDF、ADF、有机物（OM）和粗蛋白质（CP）在各消化道段的流通量（P<0.05）；饲粮添加1.5 g/kg姜粉显著降低了粗脂肪（EE）在直肠和回肠中的流通量（P<0.05）。3）饲粮添加1.5 g/kg姜粉的组DM、NDF、ADF和EE消失率显著高于添加1.0 g/kg姜粉的组（P<0.05）。总之，低剂量（0.5和1.0 g/kg）的姜粉可提高营养物质的流通量，降低营养物质的消化吸收；高剂量（1.5 g/kg）的姜粉可以降低营养物质的流通量，提高营养物质的消化吸收。
关键词：
姜粉; 肉牛; 流通量; 消化道; 消失率
The trial was designed to investigate the effects of ginger powder supplementation on digestion and absorption of nutrients in beef cattle. Four Luxi cattle with similar age and body weight [(400±20） kg] fitted with permanent rumen, duodenum and terminal ileum fistula were used in a 4×4 Latin square. Cattle in the control group were fed basal diet, and those in experimental groups were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g/kg ginger powder, respectively. The trial consisted of 4 periods with 21 d per period (preliminary trial period lasted for 15 d, trial period lasted for 6 d). The results showed as follows: 1) dietary ginger powder by 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g/kg significantly reduced the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content in the ileum and rectum (P<0.05) and tended to reduce the NDF content in the duodenum (P=0.079); compared with the control group, dietary ginger powder by 1.0 and 1.5 g/kg significantly decreased the acid detergent fiber (ADF) content in the rumen and rectum (P<0.05). 2) Dietary ginger powder by 1.0 g/kg significantly increased the flow flux of dry mattet (DM), NDF, ADF, organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) in different segments of digestive tract （P<0.05）; dietary ginger powder by 1.5 g/kg significantly reduced the flow flux of EE in the rectum and ileum (P<0.05). 3) Compared with dietary ginger power by 1.5 g/kg, the disappearance ratio of DM, NDF, ADF and ether extract (EE) in digestive tract of dietary ginger power by 1.5 g/kg were significantly higher (P<0.05). In conclusion, low doses (0.5 and 1.0 g/kg) of ginger powder can improve the flow flux of nutrients and reduce the digestion and absorption of nutrients, while high doses (1.5 g/kg) of ginger powder can decrease nutrients flow flux and improve digestion and absorption of nutrients in beef cattle.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2011, 23（9）：1569 -1576］
［1］王慧芳.生姜对小鼠血清溶菌酶活性的影响[J].动物医学进展,2001（4）:70-71.
[2]谢仲权.天然物中草药饲料添加剂大全[M].北京：学苑出版社，1996.
[3]BADERLDIN H A, GERALD B, MUSBAH O T, et al. Some phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): a review of recent research [J]. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2008, 46:409-420.
[4]ZHOU H L, DENG Y M, XIE Q M. The modulatory effects of the volatile oil of ginger on the cellular immune response in vitro and in vivo in mice[J]. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2006, 105:301-305.
[5]赵旭，杨在宾，杨维仁.饲粮添加生姜粉对蛋鸡生产性能及免疫功能的影响[J].动物营养学报，2011，23(3):459-465.
[6]ZHANG G F, YANG Z B, WANG Y, et al. Effect of ginger root (Zingiber officinale) processed to different particle sizes on growth performance, antioxidant status, and serum metabolites of broiler chickens [J]. Poultry Science, 2009, 88:2159-2166.
[7]王洪荣，卢德勋.饲喂玉米型日粮的生长绵羊限制性氨基酸研究[J].动物营养学报，1999，11(4):17-28.
[8]CHRISTIAN K R, COUP M R. Measurement of feed intake by grazing cattle and sheep. Ⅵ. The determination of chromic oxide in faeces[J]. Journal of Science Technology, 1954, 36:328-330.
[9]WILLIAMS C J, DAVID D J. The determination of chromic oxide in faeces samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometry[J]. Journal of Agriculture Science, 1962, 59:381.
[10]李清宏，武晋孝，韩俊文，等.复方中草药添加剂对仔猪饲料代谢动力学的研究[J].中国农学通报，2007，23(3):19-23.
[11]李琦华，高士争.中草药添加剂对生长育肥猪营养物质消化率的影响研究[J].云南农业大学学报，2002(1):81-84.
[12]徐岩.女贞子提取物对绵羊瘤胃发酵及日粮养分消化影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.沈阳：东北农业大学，2007.
[13]冯仰廉，张子仪.低质粗饲料对反刍家畜的营养价值及合理利用[J].中国农业科技导报，2003，5(3):8-12.
[14]LU C D, JORGENSEN N A. Alfalfa saponins affect site and extent of nutrient digestion in ruminants[J]. Journal of Nutrition, 1987, 117:919-927.
[15]叶均安，刘建新，板桥久雄.茶皂素对瘤胃原虫的抑制效果[J].中国饲料，2001(2):30-32.
[16]余珍，巫华美.生姜的挥发性化学成分[J].云南植物研究，1998，20(1):113-118.
[17]张美英，孙永刚，樊文娜.山楂提取物对肉鸡生产性能及肠道微生物的影响[J].西北农业学报，2009，18(6):52-55.
[18]蒋慧，许宗运，罗琴芳.不同剂量的山楂粉饲喂肉鸡的试验[J].饲料研究，2003(7):32-34.
[19]张元庆，肖训军，孟庆翔.毛茛科植物提取物添加量对瘤胃微生物体外动态发酵的影响,2007，43(5):27-30.
[20]朱仁俊，程志斌，田允波，等.中草药添加剂对断奶仔猪消化道酶活性的影响研究[J].云南农业大学学报，2002，17(1):67-71.
[21]马得莹，单安山.中草药对动物生长、内分泌和免疫功能的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医，2004(1):16-19.
[22]MAKKAR H P S, AREGHEORE E M, BECKER K. Effect of saponins and plant extracts containing saponins on the recovery of a mmonia during urea-ammoniation of wheat straw and fermentation kinetics of the treated straw[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science, 1999, 77:313-321.
[23]GASTILLEJOS L, CALSAMIGLIA S, FERRET A. Effect of essential oil active compounds on rumen microbia fermentation and nutrient flow in vitro systems[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2006, 89:2649-2658.
[24]王友明，张晓菊，陶志伦,等.中药饲料添加剂对长金猪生长性能和饲料养分消化率的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志，2004，40(6):30-31
[25]方热军，汤少勋，李铁军.复方中草药添加剂对地方肉鸡生长和物质代谢的影响[J].中国饲料，2000（7）:9-11
[26]刘春龙.丝兰属植物提取物对绵羊瘤胃发酵及饲粮养分消化的影响[D].硕士学位论文.沈阳：东北农业大学，2004.
[27]左晓磊，赵国先，李建国，等.中草药增重剂对小尾寒羊生产性能及血液理化指标影响的研究[J].饲料研究，2005（2）:5-8.
[28]王钦，任继周，李峻成，等.不同日粮养分在绵羊体内消化量的研究[J].中国畜牧杂志，2003，39(4)：9-11.
京公网安备 11010802041926号