本试验旨在研究酵母培养物（YC）对产蛋鸡生产性能和鸡蛋品质的影响。选用1 656只150日龄的海兰褐产蛋鸡随机分为4个处理，每个处理6个重复，每个重复69只鸡，在玉米-豆粕-杂粕型饲粮基础上分别添加0、0.1%、0.2%和0.3% YC，研究其对产蛋鸡产蛋率、平均蛋重、平均日采食量、死淘率和料蛋比及鸡蛋哈夫单位、蛋壳强度、蛋壳重量、蛋壳厚度和蛋黄颜色的影响，试验期20周。试验结果表明：与对照组相比，饲粮中添加0.1%、0.2%和0.3%的YC可降低第1～20周产蛋鸡料蛋比2.15%、3.36%和2.10%(P<0.10，P<0.10，P<0.10)；提高第1～20周产蛋鸡产蛋率1.25、0.94和1.36个百分点(P>0.10，P>0.10，P<0.10)；延长产蛋鸡90%以上的产蛋率2.2、2.3和2.8周(P>0.10，P>0.10，P<0.10)；降低产蛋鸡死淘率2.17、0.73和1.45个百分点(P>0.10，P>0.10，P>0.10)。饲粮中添加YC有助于维持气温急剧升高时稳定、较高的产蛋率。饲粮添加YC显著改善了第20周的产蛋鸡蛋黄颜色(P<0.10)，对其他蛋品质指标和产蛋鸡的体重增加没有显著影响(P>0.10)。产蛋鸡饲粮中添加YC能够改善料蛋比、提高产蛋率和平均蛋重、延长产蛋高峰期、降低死淘率；虽然3个处理之间对生产性能指标的影响差异不明显，但0.2% YC组，在改善平均蛋重、料蛋比、平均日采食量方面表现优异。

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of yeast culture (YC) on performance and egg quality of laying hens. One thousand six hundred and fifty-six Hyline laying hens at 150 days of age were fed a corn-soybean-miscellaneous meal diet supplemented with 0, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% of YC. Egg production rate, average egg weight, average daily feed intake, rate of death and cull, ratio of feed to egg, and egg Haugh unit, shell thickness, shell weight, shell strength and yolk color were measured. The trial lasted for 20 weeks. In comparison with the control group, dietary supplementation of 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% YC, improved the ratio of feed to egg of laying hens at 1-20 week by 2.15%, 3.36% and 2.10% (P<0.10, P<0.10, P<0.10), respectively; egg production rate of laying hens at 1-20 week was increased 1.25, 0.94 and 1.36 percentage points (P>0.10, P>0.10, P<0.10),respectively; the time of egg production rate higher than 90%, extended 2.2, 2.3 and 2.8 weeks (P>0.10, P>0.10, P<0.10),respectively; rate of death and cull was decreased 2.17, 0.73 and 1.45 percentage points (P>0.10, P>0.10, P>0.10),respectively. The decrease of egg production rate was alleviated in the YC groups during heat stress. YC improved yolk color of the eggs laid by laying hens at the 20th week (P<0.10), and had no significant effects on egg Haugh unit, shell thickness, shell weight, shell strength and body weight gain (P>0.10). The main conclusions could be drawn from this study, dietary supplementation of YC improved ratio of feed to egg, increased average egg weight and egg production rate, extended the time of peak production, and reduced rate of death and cull. Under the present situation, 0.2% YC group had better average egg weight, average daily feed intake and ratio of feed to egg.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2010，22（2）:365-371］