本文旨在研究地衣芽孢杆菌对麻羽肉鸡的肠道组织结构及其盲肠微生物区系的影响。试验选用300只1日龄肉鸡，随机分为5组，每组设4个重复，每个重复15只。Ⅰ组为对照组，饲喂基础日粮，不添加任何抗生素；Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组为试验组，分别在基础日粮中添加50、100和200 mg/kg的地衣芽孢杆菌；Ⅴ组为抗生素组，在基础日粮中添加30 mg/kg的杆菌肽锌和6 mg/kg的硫酸抗敌素。试验期为70 d。结果表明，在28日龄时，Ⅱ组绒毛高度较Ⅰ组增高了11.35%，较Ⅴ组提高了5.81%，Ⅱ组肉鸡盲肠中大肠杆菌数量较Ⅰ组显著降低（P<0.05）,乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌数量显著高于Ⅴ组(P<0.05)；70日龄时，Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组肉鸡肠道隐窝深较Ⅰ组分别变浅了25.67%和24.72%，差异显著（P＜0.05）,试组组肉鸡盲肠中大肠杆菌数较Ⅰ组显著降低(P<0.05),Ⅱ组乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌数量显著高于Ⅴ组(P<0.05)。由此可见，日粮中添加地衣芽孢杆菌有益于肉鸡的肠道发育和盲肠微生物区系平衡，饲养前期50 mg/kg添加水平，饲养后期200 mg/kg添加水平显著优化了肉鸡的肠道组织结构，抑制了盲肠中有害菌的生长。

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of Bacillus licheniformis on intestinal structure and cecal gut microflora in Mayu broiler chickens. Three hundred one-day-old broiler chickens were randomly divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates each and 15 broilers in each replicate. Group Ⅰwas fed with the basal diet as the control group without any antibiotics; the experimental groups (groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ) were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of Bacillus licheniformis, respectively; the group Ⅴ was fed with the basal diet supplemented with 30 mg/kg Bacitracin zinc and 6 mg/kg Kangdisu sulfas. The experiment lasted for 70 days. The results indicated that: at 28 days of age, the villous height (VH) of group Ⅱ was 11.35% higher than that of group Ⅰ, 5.81% higher than that of group Ⅴ,the quantity of Escherichia coli in cecum of group Ⅱ was lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05), the quantity of Lactobacillus and Bacillus bifidus of group Ⅱ were higher than that of group Ⅴ (P<0.05); at 70 days of age, the cryptae depth (CD) of groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 25.67%, 24.72% lower than that of groupⅠ, the differences were significantly (P＜0.05), the quantity of Escherichia coli in cecum of experimental groups was lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05), the quantity of Lactobacillus and Bacillus bifidus of group Ⅳ was higher than that of group Ⅴ (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary Bacillus licheniformis supplementation was beneficial to the development of intestinal and the balance of cecum microflora, dietary Bacillus licheniformis level (50 mg/kg in early time and 200 mg/kg in latter time) could optimize intestinal structure and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria in the cecum significantly.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2010，22（3）:757-761］