本文旨在采用ERIC-PCR和PCR-DGGE方法研究肉鸡喂服枯草芽孢杆菌后肠道菌群的多样性。选用15羽28日龄肉鸡，按2 mL/kg BW喂服枯草芽孢杆菌悬液(109 CFU/mL)，每天2次，连续3 d，34日龄时，利用ERIC-PCR和PCR-DGGE方法分析肠道菌群的多样性，并对DGGE条带进行回收、测序。结果表明，肉鸡口服枯草芽孢杆菌后各肠段的条带数显著多于对照组（P<0.05或P<0.01），2种方法检测结果相似，2组之间肠道总菌群相似性为53.2%；电泳指纹图谱和统计条带数量分析，PCR-DGGE明显优于ERIC-PCR；回收条带以乳杆菌属细菌为主。结果提示，34日龄肉鸡肠道菌群具有一定的稳定性，以乳杆菌为主要菌群，饲喂芽孢杆菌后能提高肉鸡肠道菌群的丰度和种群密度；PCR-DGGE检测方法明显优于ERIC-PCR。

The experiment was conducted with the objective of examining the distribution of intestinal microflora diversity by ERIC-PCR and PCR-DGGE after chickens were orally treated with Bacillus subtilis. Fifteen 28-day-old broiler chickens were administered with Bacillus subtilis suspension (2×109 CFU/kg body weight, twice a day for 3 consecutive days by oral gavage). The intestinal microflora diversity in 34-day-old broilers was analyzed by ERIC-PCR and PCR-DGGE, and sequence analyses were conducted with DNA recovered from single band in DGGE fingerprints. The results showed that the number of ERIC-PCR and PCR-DGGE bands of intestinal microflora in broilers treated with Bacillus subtilis was significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), compared with that of the control group. The results of the analyses by ERIC-PCR and PCR-DGGE were similar. Similarity of the total intestinal microflora of two groups was about 53.2%. It was indicated that PCR-DGGE was superior to ERIC-PCR through electrophoresis fingerprint analysis and statistical numbers of bands. Lactobacillus spp. mainly appeared in the sequences of DNA recovered from single band in DGGE fingerprints by identified. The results suggested that the intestinal microflora of 34-day-old broilers had certain stability, and Lactobacillus flora was major population. The abundance and population density of intestinal flora in broilers treated with Bacillus subtilis were increased. PCR-DGGE was superior to ERIC-PCR in regard to the methods of detecting the intestinal microflora diversity.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2010，22（4）:985-991］