Toxicity of the Combination of Melamine and Cyanuric Acid on Laying Hens

ZHANG Dinghua,BAI Shiping,ZHANG Keying,DING Xuemei,WU Caimei

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2011.06.021

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2011 , Vol. 23 >Issue 06: 1027 - 1034

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2011.06.021

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Toxicity of the Combination of Melamine and Cyanuric Acid on Laying Hens

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Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of
Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China)

张定华(1985—)，女，云南楚雄人，硕士研究生，从事家禽营养研究。E-mail： xh1425@163.com

Online published: 2011-06-17

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Abstract

The study was conducted to investigate the toxicity of melamine (MEL) alone and the combination of MEL and cyanuric acid (CYA) on laying hens. A total of 126 Rohman 78-week-old laying hens were randomly allotted to 7 groups with 9 replicates per group and 2 birds per replicate for 35 days. Group 1 (control) were fed a basal diet, groups 2 to 4 were fed basal diets supplemented with 5, 15, and 30 mg/kg MEL, respectively, and groups 5 to 7 were fed the diets of groups 2 to 4 supplemented with 1.667, 5, and 10 mg/kg CYA, respectively. The MEL to CYA ratio was kept constant as 3∶1 for the diets of groups 5 to 7. The results were shown as follows: 1) MEL and CYA supplementation significantly increased the content of UA on d 21. Moreover, UA content was higher when MEL and CYA were supplemented together; histological examination indicated that MEL had little impact on liver but damaged kidney in varying degrees; the liver and kidney of the hens fed the diets supplemented with MEL and CYA in the same time were damaged more heavily than those of the hens fed the diets supplemented with only MEL: hepatic cells disorder with abnormal lobular architecture, unclear hepatic cord and large numbers of irregular or round vacuole in liver cytoplasm were observed in the liver, and swelling epithelial cells in renal tubule, blister denaturation and even light congestion of partial glomerulus were observed in the kidney. 2) After elimination of MEL and CYA for 7 days, the contents of serum UA and kidney MDA recovered to the control levels, and no significant lesions in the liver and kidney were observed. In conclusion, the supplementation of MEL at 5 to 30 mg/kg and CYA at 1.667 to 10 mg/kg can destroy the liver and kidney of laying hens; supplementation with MEL and CYA in the same time can lead to heavier damages to the liver and kidney than supplementation with MEL alone; the harmful effects of MEL and CYA can be eliminated in 7 days after withdrawal.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2011, 23（6）：1027 -1034］

Key words： melamine; cyanuric acid; laying hens; health

Cite this article

ZHANG Dinghua,BAI Shiping,ZHANG Keying,DING Xuemei,WU Caimei . Toxicity of the Combination of Melamine and Cyanuric Acid on Laying Hens[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2011 , 23(06) : 1027 -1034 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2011.06.021

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