YIN Haicheng, ZHAO Hongyue, HUANG Jin, JIA Feng. Effects of Bacillus subtilis on Immune Function and Disease Resistance of Immunized and Unimmunized Huanghe Carp (Cyprinus carpio Huanghe var.)[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2013, 25(7): 1559-1567.
Effects of Bacillus subtilis on Immune Function and Disease Resistance of Immunized and Unimmunized Huanghe Carp (Cyprinus carpio Huanghe var.)
YIN Haicheng, ZHAO Hongyue, HUANG Jin, JIA Feng
He'nan University of Technology, College of Bioengineering, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Abstract:This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Bacillus subtilis on immune function and disease resistance of immunized and unimmunized Huanghe carp (Cyprinus carpio Huanghe var.). A total of 1 920 Huanghe carp with an average initial body weight of (35.36±0.46) g were randomly divided into 8 groups (groups Ⅰ to Ⅷ) with 3 replicates per group and 80 fish per replicate. The groups Ⅰ to Ⅳ were immunized groups which were injected antigen, and the groups Ⅴ to Ⅷ were control groups which were injected stroke-physiological saline solution. The supplemental levels of Bacillus subtilis in the experimental diets were 0 (groups Ⅰ and Ⅴ), 1.5×1011 (groups Ⅱ and Ⅵ), 3.0×1011 (groups Ⅲ and Ⅶ) and 4.5×1011 CFU/kg (groups Ⅳ and Ⅷ), respectively. The experimental fish were fed the experimental diets for 28 days, and subsequently fed the basal diet for 28 days. The leukocytes phagocytic activity, serum lysozyme activity and serum antibody titer were determined on the 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th, 35th and 42nd day after immunization. The experimental fish were challenged by Aeromonas hydrophila on the 42nd day after immunization, and the mortality of each group was counted for the calculation of immune protection rate. The results showed as follows: Bacillus subtilis supplementation could significantly improve the leukocytes phagocytic percentage and phagocytic index, and serum lysozyme activity of immunized and unimmunized Huanghe carp (P<0.05). The serum antibody titer of Huanghe carp in group Ⅲ was the highest, which was 486.7; the second was group Ⅳ, which was 372.6; the third was group Ⅱ, which was 234.6; the last one was group Ⅰ, which was 192.8. The Huanghe carp in immunized groups all had a certain immune protection rate, and the supplementation of 4.5×1011 CFU/kg Bacillus subtils induced the highest immune protection rate of immunized Huanghe carp. It is concluded that the supplementation of Bacillus subtilis can improve the immune function and disease resistance of immunized and unimmunized Huanghe carp, and the supplemental level of Bacillus subtilis in diets is suggested to be 3.0×1011 to 4.5×1011 CFU/kg.
于免疫后第42天采用A. hydrophila(1×108个 mL-1)对各组试验鱼进行攻毒。每组分别取试验鱼40尾进行攻毒试验, 按每千克体重注射3.5 mL A. hydrophila活菌悬液计算,经胸鳍基部注射0.2 mL(体重不同时,进行微调)。饲养观察14 d后统计各组的死亡率,依下式计算免疫保护率。
表2 枯草芽孢杆菌对免疫黄河鲤白细胞吞噬活性的影响Table 2 Effects of Bacillus subtilis on leukocytes phagocytic activity of immunized Huanghe carp (Cyprinus carpio Huanghe var.)
时间 Time
吞噬活性
Phogocytic activity
组别 Groups
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅳ
第0天
吞噬百分比 PP/%
34.81±1.78
34.88±1.39
36.46±2.01
35.35±2.04
Day 0
吞噬指数 PI
1.44±0.09
1.41±0.10
1.45±0.07
1.59±0.11
第7天
吞噬百分比 PP/%
43.64±1.06b
62.17±2.27a
68.33±1.10a
65.67±0.70a
Day 7
吞噬指数 PI
1.43±0.17b
2.71±0.27a
2.94±0.14a
3.13±0.25a
第14天
吞噬百分比 PP/%
42.83±1.96b
63.04±0.44a
69.99±2.17a
68.87±1.27a
Day 14
吞噬指数 PI
1.39±0.06b
4.44±0.16a
4.58±0.2a
4.82±0.02a
第21天
吞噬百分比 PP/%
42.51±2.87b
61.89±1.86a
66.73±1.47a
67.81±2.21a
Day 21
吞噬指数 PI
1.52±0.04b
4.36±0.2a
4.42±0.06a
4.33±0.28a
第28天
吞噬百分比 PP/%
43.92±2.09b
58.79±1.05a
64.58±2.13a
64.98±0.94a
Day 28
吞噬指数 PI
1.46±0.16b
3.39±0.23a
3.66±0.37a
3.75±0.15a
第35天
吞噬百分比 PP/%
40.72±1.02b
54.85±1.08a
61.56±1.80a
61.37±1.09a
Day 35
吞噬指数 PI
1.64±0.18b
3.27±0.08a
3.22±0.07a
3.46±0.04a
第42天
吞噬百分比 PP/%
40.35±2.11b
53.57±2.46a
62.67±2.23a
62.64±1.87a
Day 42
吞噬指数 PI
1.58±0.10b
3.28±0.14a
3.13±0.30a
3.36±0.27a
同行数据肩标无字母或相同字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。表3、表4和表5同。 In the same row, values with no letter or the same letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05), while with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05). The same as Table 3, Table 4 and Table 5.
表2 枯草芽孢杆菌对免疫黄河鲤白细胞吞噬活性的影响Table 2 Effects of Bacillus subtilis on leukocytes phagocytic activity of immunized Huanghe carp (Cyprinus carpio Huanghe var.)
表3
Table 3
表3(Table 3)
表3 枯草芽孢杆菌对未免疫黄河鲤白细胞吞噬活性的影响Table 3 Effects of Bacillus subtilis on leukocytes phagocytic activity of unimmunized Huanghe carp (Cyprinus carpio Huanghe var.)
时间 Time
吞噬活性
Phogocytic activity
组别 Groups
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅳ
第0天
吞噬百分比 PP/%
34.41±1.52
34.24±1.03
34.06±2.05
35.12±1.11
Day 0
吞噬指数 PI
1.22±0.10
1.12±0.08
1.19±0.06
1.21±0.03
第7天
吞噬百分比 PP/%
34.74±1.21b
55.54±2.06a
56.46±1.22a
57.86±2.03a
Day 7
吞噬指数 PI
1.24±0.02b
2.58±0.12a
2.87±0.01a
3.21±0.12a
第14天
吞噬百分比 PP/%
35.02±2.00b
58.94±1.23a
62.08±2.28a
61.17±1.24a
Day 14
吞噬指数 PI
1.31±0.10b
4.08±0.07a
4.35±0.05a
4.62±0.06a
第21天
吞噬百分比 PP/%
34.87±1.41b
54.79±1.03a
55.98±1.22a
56.38±1.04a
Day 21
吞噬指数 PI
1.34±0.08b
3.82±0.03a
4.13±0.20a
4.19±0.12a
第28天
吞噬百分比 PP/%
33.86±1.11b
51.88±1.05a
53.04±2.04a
53.73±1.08a
Day 28
吞噬指数 PI
1.28±0.04b
3.46±0.11a
3.87±0.03a
3.98±0.11a
第35天
吞噬百分比 PP/%
33.32±1.06b
44.95±0.74a
48.22±1.41a
49.22±2.09a
Day 35
吞噬指数 PI
1.26±0.04b
3.04±0.11a
3.41±0.05a
3.46±0.03a
第42天
吞噬百分比 PP/%
34.25±1.14b
45.05±1.01a
48.87±2.22a
50.03±1.89a
Day 42
吞噬指数 PI
1.29±0.03c
3.13±0.13b
3.66±0.21ab
3.88±0.17a
表3 枯草芽孢杆菌对未免疫黄河鲤白细胞吞噬活性的影响Table 3 Effects of Bacillus subtilis on leukocytes phagocytic activity of unimmunized Huanghe carp (Cyprinus carpio Huanghe var.)
表7 A. hydrophila攻毒后黄河鲤的死亡率和免疫保护率 Table 7 Mortality and immune protection rate of Huanghe carp (Cyprinus carpio Huanghe var.) after challenged with A. hydrophila
组别 Groups
攻毒鱼尾数
Challenged fish No./尾
死亡鱼尾数
Dead fish No./尾
死亡率
Mortality/%
免疫保护率
Immune protection rate/%
Ⅰ
40
31
77.5
15.76
Ⅴ
40
37
92.5
Ⅱ
40
11
27.5
31.25
Ⅵ
40
35
40.0
Ⅲ
40
8
20.0
75.75
Ⅶ
40
33
82.5
Ⅳ
40
3
7.5
89.66
Ⅷ
40
29
72.5
表7 A. hydrophila攻毒后黄河鲤的死亡率和免疫保护率Table 7 Mortality and immune protection rate of Huanghe carp (Cyprinus carpio Huanghe var.) after challenged with A. hydrophila
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