LIN Xiajing, JIANG Shouqun, DING Fayuan, ZHENG Chuntian, HONG Ping. Amino Acid Balance Pattern of a Low Protein Diet in Fast-Growing Yellow-Feathered Broilers Aged from 1 to 21 Days[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2014, 26(9): 2542-2552.
Amino Acid Balance Pattern of a Low Protein Diet in Fast-Growing Yellow-Feathered Broilers Aged from 1 to 21 Days
LIN Xiajing, JIANG Shouqun, DING Fayuan, ZHENG Chuntian, HONG Ping
State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong 510640, China
Abstract: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of amino acid balance pattern of a low protein diet on performance, nitrogen use efficiency and blood biochemical indexes of fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers aged from 1 to 21 days. A total of 252 one-day-old fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers were randomly allocated into 7 dietary groups with 6 replicates per group and with 6 birds per replicate, and were fed for 21 d. The control diet was formulated on the basis of the crude protein and amino acid requirements for these chickens, and the low protein (LP) diet had 3% less crude protein content, but was supplemented with essential amino acids (Lys, Met, Thr, Trp and Ile) to the contents in control. In groups LP-Lys, LP-Met, LP-Trp, LP-Thr and LP-Ile, the dietary content of these individual amino acid was supplemented to just 80% of control diet, while all other amino acids remained as in the LP diet. The results showed as follows: 1) there were no significant differences between control group and other groups in average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed/gain (P>0.05), but the average daily gain of LP-Lys group was the highest and its feed/gain was the lowest. 2) The plasma total plasma protein content of groups LP-Met and LP-Trp was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The plasma albumin content of LP-Met group was significantly lower than that of groups control, LP, LP-Lys, LP-Thr and LP-Ile (P<0.05). The plasma urea nitrogen content of groups LP-Trp and LP-Ile was significantly higher than that of groups control and LP-Lys (P<0.05). 3) The fecal nitrogen content of control group was significantly higher than that of all other groups (P<0.05). The nitrogen retention of control group was significantly lower than that of LP-Lys group (P<0.05). 4) The retentions of Lys, Ile, Phe, and Val of control group were significantly lower than those of all other groups (P<0.05). The retentions of Met and Arg of control group were significantly lower than those of LP-Ile group (P<0.05). The retentions of Thr, Leu and Tyr of control group were significantly lower than those of groups LP, LP-Lys, LP-Trp, LP-Thr and LP-Ile (P<0.05). On the basis of all criteria considered, the optimal Lys : Met : Trp : Thr : Ile for fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers aged from 1 to 21 days is 100 : (44 to 55) : 72 : (18 to 23) : (54 to 72).
Key words:
yellow-feathered broileramino acid balance patternlow protein dietlysinenitrogen retention
表3 低蛋白质氨基酸平衡模式饲粮对快大型黄羽肉鸡生产性能的影响
Table 3 Effects of low protein diet with amino acid balance pattern on performance of fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers
组别
Groups
对照组
SD group
低蛋白质组
LP group
低蛋白质-赖氨酸组LP-Lys group
低蛋白质-蛋氨酸组LP-Met group
低蛋白质-苏氨酸组LP-Thr group
低蛋白质-色氨酸组LP-Trp group
低蛋白质-异亮氨酸LP-Ile group
P值P-value
1日龄体重 BW at 1 day of age/g
38.08±0.18
38.03±0.15
38.08±0.15
38.11±0.20
38.14±0.19
38.08±0.19
38.08±0.21
1.000
21日龄体重 BW at 21 days of age/g
400.87±14.77
391.08±13.86
426.86±11.55
389.22±10.21
389.53±13.30
380.89±16.73
419.94±8.33
0.132
平均日增重 ADG/g
17.28±0.70
16.81±0.66
18.51±0.55
16.72±0.48
16.73±0.63
16.32±0.80
18.18±0.40
0.132
平均日采食量 ADFI/g
32.09±0.90
31.40±0.42
31.34±0.21
31.74±0.26
31.65±0.50
32.31±0.21
33.48±0.89
0.229
料重比 F/G
1.87±0.11
1.87±0.06
1.69±0.04
1.90±0.06
1.90±0.05
2.00±0.09
1.84±0.07
0.141
同行数据肩标无字母或相同字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下表同。
In the same row,values with no letter or the same letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05),while with different letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below.
表3 低蛋白质氨基酸平衡模式饲粮对快大型黄羽肉鸡生产性能的影响
Table 3 Effects of low protein diet with amino acid balance pattern on performance of fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers
表4 低蛋白质氨基酸平衡模式饲粮对快大型黄羽肉鸡排泄物重量、排泄物中氮含量和氮存留率的影响
Table 4 Effects of low protein diet with amino acid balance pattern on feces output,nitrogen content of feces and nitrogen retention of fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers
组别 Groups
对照组
SD group
低蛋白质组LP group
低蛋白质-赖氨酸组LP-Lys group
低蛋白质-蛋氨酸组 LP-Met group
低蛋白质-苏氨酸组LP-Thr group
低蛋白质-色氨酸组 LP-Trp group
低蛋白质-异亮氨酸组LP-Ile group
P值
P-value
排泄物重量 Feces output/(g/d)
8.69±0.26
7.96±0.26
7.59±0.20
7.67±0.22
7.74±0.42
8.11±0.21
8.60±0.44
0.083
排泄物中氮含量Nitrogen content of feces/%
6.12±0.12a
5.13±0.10b
5.02±0.04b
5.19±0.11b
5.03±0.16b
5.05±0.08b
5.22±0.16b
0.000
氮存留率 Nitrogen retention/%
79.92±0.67c
81.97±0.26abc
83.19±0.29a
82.50±0.59abc
82.87±1.01ab
82.34±0.42abc
80.30±0.68bc
0.004
表4 低蛋白质氨基酸平衡模式饲粮对快大型黄羽肉鸡排泄物重量、排泄物中氮含量和氮存留率的影响
Table 4 Effects of low protein diet with amino acid balance pattern on feces output,nitrogen content of feces and nitrogen retention of fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers
表5
Table 5
表5(Table 5)
表5 低蛋白质氨基酸平衡模式饲粮对快大型黄羽肉鸡氨基酸存留率的影响
Table 5 Effects of low protein diet with amino acid balance pattern on amino acid retention of fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers
%
组别 Groups
对照组
SD group
低蛋白质组
LP group
低蛋白质-赖氨酸组 LP-Lys group
低蛋白质-蛋氨酸组 LP-Met group
低蛋白质-苏氨酸组LP-Thr group
低蛋白质-色氨酸组 LP-Trp group
低蛋白质-异亮氨酸组
LP-Ile group
P值
P-value
赖氨酸 Lys
86.28±1.03c
90.00±0.89b
90.52±0.60b
90.05±0.44b
90.66±0.36b
91.28±0.39b
96.50±0.20a
0.000
蛋氨酸 Met
95.06±0.48b
95.57±0.16b
94.68±0.31b
96.18±0.10ab
93.65±1.60b
96.15±0.32b
99.07±0.09a
0.000
苏氨酸 Thr
85.77±0.72d
88.47±0.56c
88.55±0.32c
87.46±0.76dc
91.08±0.68b
88.86±0.49bc
95.49±0.28a
0.000
异亮氨酸 Ile
83.33±1.46c
90.55±0.39b
89.62±0.37b
87.09±1.01b
88.45±0.71b
89.08±0.50b
95.47±0.53a
0.000
精氨酸 Arg
94.20±1.38b
95.32±1.04ab
95.70±0.35ab
94.66±0.74ab
96.53±0.36ab
96.49±0.43ab
98.05±0.43a
0.024
亮氨酸 Leu
53.67±5.35de
75.35±1.11b
71.25±1.38bc
63.60±3.15cd
71.64±1.71bc
74.63±0.96bc
89.62±1.09a
0.000
苯丙氨酸 Phe
90.29±0.67c
93.73±0.39b
92.91±0.29b
93.17±0.74b
94.07±0.35b
94.33±0.32b
97.51±0.19a
0.000
酪氨酸 Tyr
83.28±2.37c
92.20±1.09ab
88.86±0.67b
87.81±0.30bc
91.31±0.34b
91.47±0.99b
96.68±0.70a
0.000
缬氨酸 Val
81.84±0.74c
88.44±0.45b
87.30±0.50b
85.89±0.83b
87.05±1.35b
88.77±0.47b
95.52±0.42a
0.000
表5 低蛋白质氨基酸平衡模式饲粮对快大型黄羽肉鸡氨基酸存留率的影响
Table 5 Effects of low protein diet with amino acid balance pattern on amino acid retention of fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers
表6 低蛋白质氨基酸平衡模式饲粮对快大型黄羽肉鸡排泄物中各种游离氨基酸含量的影响
Table 6 Effects of low protein diet with amino acid balance pattern on free amino acid contents in feces of fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers
mg/g
组别 Groups
对照组
SD group
低蛋白质组
LP group
低蛋白质-赖氨酸组LP-Lys group
低蛋白质-蛋氨酸组 LP-Met group
低蛋白质-苏氨酸组LP-Thr group
低蛋白质-色氨酸组 LP-Trp group
低蛋白质-异亮氨酸组
LP-Ile group
P值
P-value
苏氨酸 Thr
0.44±0.03a
0.41±0.02a
0.42±0.02a
0.50±0.04a
0.29±0.02b
0.40±0.02a
0.17±0.01c
0.000
丝氨酸 Ser
0.38±0.04a
0.21±0.01b
0.27±0.01b
0.28±0.03b
0.20±0.01b
0.21±0.01b
0.09±0.01c
0.000
甘氨酸 Gly
0.49±0.02a
0.39±0.02bc
0.46±0.02ab
0.46±0.01ab
0.40±0.02bc
0.36±0.01c
0.16±0.01d
0.000
缬氨酸 Val
0.77±0.04a
0.44±0.02b
0.52±0.02bc
0.58±0.03c
0.53±4.67bc
0.44±0.02b
0.19±0.02d
0.000
蛋氨酸 Met
0.11±0.02a
0.10±0.01a
0.11±0.01a
0.08±0.01ab
0.13±0.03a
0.08±0.01a
0.02±0.01b
0.000
亮氨酸 Leu
1.05±0.14a
0.48±0.02cde
0.61±0.03bcd
0.77±0.06b
0.60±0.05bcd
0.50±0.02bcde
0.23±0.02e
0.000
脯氨酸 Pro
0.38±0.01a
0.29±0.02b
0.34±0.02ab
0.36±0.01ab
0.33±0.03ab
0.31±0.02ab
0.14±0.01c
0.000
酪氨酸 Tyr
0.34±0.04ab
0.16±0.02d
0.25±0.01ab
0.28±0.01ac
0.20±0.01bc
0.18±0.02bc
0.07±0.01d
0.000
苯丙氨酸 Phe
0.82±0.07a
0.49±0.04b
0.58±0.02b
0.58±0.06b
0.50±0.04b
0.45±0.03b
0.21±0.02c
0.000
赖氨酸 Lys
0.59±0.06a
0.45±0.03ab
0.41±0.02b
0.61±0.08a
0.46±0.03ab
0.43±0.02ab
0.18±0.01c
0.000
精氨酸 Arg
0.25±0.06a
0.19±0.04ab
0.18±0.02ab
0.24±0.04a
0.15±0.02ab
0.15±0.02ab
0.08±0.01b
0.018
异亮氨酸 Ile
0.52±0.05a
0.33±0.01d
0.38±0.02bcd
0.49±0.03abc
0.43±0.03abcd
0.36±0.02bcd
0.14±0.01e
0.000
表6 低蛋白质氨基酸平衡模式饲粮对快大型黄羽肉鸡排泄物中各种游离氨基酸含量的影响
Table 6 Effects of low protein diet with amino acid balance pattern on free amino acid contents in feces of fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers
表7 低蛋白质氨基酸平衡模式饲粮对快大型黄羽肉鸡血浆生化指标的影响
Table 7 Effects of low protein diet with amino acid balance pattern on plasma biochemical indexes of fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers
组别 Groups
对照组
SD group
低蛋白质组
LP group
低蛋白质-赖氨酸组
LP-Lys group
低蛋白质-蛋氨酸组LP-Met group
低蛋白质-苏氨酸组
LP-Thr group
低蛋白质-色氨酸组LP-Trp group
低蛋白质-异亮氨酸组
LP-Ile group
P值
P-value
总蛋白Total protein/(g/L)
29.07±0.52a
27.50±0.25ab
27.38±0.99abc
25.37±0.81c
27.17±0.34abc
26.28±0.34bc
27.39±0.77abc
0.012
白蛋白Albumin/(g/L)
19.26±0.51a
18.67±0.17a
18.33±1.06a
15.94±0.67b
18.65±0.38a
17.52±0.48ab
18.32±0.51a
0.011
尿酸Uric acid/(μmol/L)
470.08±26.84
481.95±23.12
471.66±26.58
423.96±26.89
473.33±39.74
423.12±28.06
448.93±33.60
0.608
尿素氮Uric nitrogen/(mmol/L)
1.72±0.08c
2.06±0.09ab
1.87±0.09bc
2.05±0.09ab
2.15±0.09ab
2.38±0.11a
2.20±0.15a
0.002
表7 低蛋白质氨基酸平衡模式饲粮对快大型黄羽肉鸡血浆生化指标的影响
Table 7 Effects of low protein diet with amino acid balance pattern on plasma biochemical indexes of fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers
表8 低蛋白质氨基酸平衡模式饲粮对快大型黄羽肉鸡血浆中游离氨基酸含量的影响
Table 8 Effects of low protein diet with amino acid balance pattern on free amino acid contents in plasma of fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers
nmol/mL
组别 Groups
对照组
SD group
低蛋白质组
LP group
低蛋白质-赖氨酸组LP-Lys group
低蛋白质-蛋氨酸组LP-Met group
低蛋白质-苏氨酸组LP-Thr group
低蛋白质-色氨酸组LP-Trp group
低蛋白质-异亮氨酸组
LP-Ile group
P值
P-value
赖氨酸 Lys
0.37±0.05c
0.60±0.06a
0.10±0.03d
0.54±0.04ab
0.43±0.04bc
0.63±0.05a
0.55±0.04ab
0.000
蛋氨酸 Met
0.089±0.011
0.097±0.008
0.096±0.033
0.061±0.021
0.055±0.007
0.079±0.005
0.064±0.004
0.025
苏氨酸 Thr
0.64±0.09bc
1.38±0.11a
0.82±0.16b
1.42±0.13a
0.42±0.15c
1.47±0.15a
1.27±0.06a
0.000
异亮氨酸 Ile
0.075±0.008ab
0.084±0.005ab
0.051±0.012c
0.078±0.008ab
0.061±0.007bc
0.092±0.005a
0.084±0.004a
0.018
丝氨酸 Ser
0.49±0.03b
0.64±0.05ab
0.47±0.09b
0.65±0.03ab
0.50±0.03b
0.71±0.05a
0.63±0.04ab
0.002
甘氨酸 Gly
0.47±0.025a
0.51±0.04a
0.30±0.05c
0.44±0.05ab
0.35±0.01bc
0.50±0.02a
0.43±0.01ab
0.000
缬氨酸 Val
0.25±0.02
0.19±0.01
0.14±0.03
0.32±0.11
0.18±0.01
0.21±0.01
0.21±0.01
0.134
半胱氨酸 Cys
0.037±0.002ab
0.044±0.002ab
0.032±0.007b
0.044±0.005ab
0.042±0.004ab
0.048±0.003a
0.042±0.002ab
0.064
亮氨酸 Leu
0.31±0.02a
0.25±0.01ab
0.19±0.04b
0.22±0.01b
0.21±0.01b
0.27±0.01ab
0.24±0.01ab
0.001
苯丙氨酸 Phe
0.17±0.01a
0.16±0.01ad
0.11±0.02bc
0.13±0.01ab
0.12±0.01bd
0.15±0.01ab
0.14±0.01ab
0.006
组氨酸 His
0.18±0.02
0.15±0.04
0.15±0.09
0.15±0.02
0.14±0.03
0.15±0.03
0.13±0.03
0.302
精氨酸 Arg
0.16±0.03
0.07±0.01
0.14±0.05
0.06±0.01
0.07±0.01
0.08±0.01
0.09±0.01
0.027
表8 低蛋白质氨基酸平衡模式饲粮对快大型黄羽肉鸡血浆中游离氨基酸含量的影响
Table 8 Effects of low protein diet with amino acid balance pattern on free amino acid contents in plasma of fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers
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