Abstract：This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of deoxynivalenol (DON) exposure on neurotransmitters, lipid peroxidation and calcium homeostasis in piglet hippocampal nerve cells (PHNCs) cultured in vitro, to discuss the neurotoxic effects of DON. PHNCs were exposed to DON at different mass concentrations (0, 125, 250, 500, 1 000 and 2 000 ng/mL) for 24 h, and the contents of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA), acetylcholine (ACH), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and noradrenaline (NE), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), the contents of nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), the contents of Ca2+ and calmodulin (CaM) and the relative expression of CaM mRNA in cells were determined. The results showed as follows:compared with control group, 1) when the concentration of DON was 1 000 ng/mL, the contents of 5-HT, DA and ACH were significantly increased (P<0.05), the content of GABA was significantly increased (P<0.01), while the content of NE was significantly decreased (P<0.05). When the concentration of DON was 2 000 ng/mL, the contents of 5-HT, DA and ACH were significantly increased (P<0.01). 2) When the concentration of DON was 250 ng/mL, the activities of SOD and T-AOC were significantly decreased (P<0.01). When the concentration of DON was 1 000 ng/mL, the activity of GSH-Px was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the content of NO was significantly decreased (P<0.01), while the content of MDA was significantly increased (P<0.01). When the concentration of DON was 2 000 ng/mL, the activity of CAT was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the activity of GSH-Px was significantly decreased (P<0.01). 3) When the concentration of DON was 250 ng/mL, the content of CaM was significantly increased (P<0.01). When the concentration of DON was 250 ng/mL and above, the content of Ca2+ and the relative expression level of CaM mRNA were significantly increased (P<0.01). In conclusion, DON exposure can change the secretions of neurotransmitters, the lipid peroxidation and calcium homeostasis in PHNCs, it suggests that DON has some neurotoxic effects to PHNCs.
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