饲粮铜添加水平对产蛋期种鹅生产性能、繁殖性能、蛋品质和血清生化指标的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.05.020

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摘要本试验旨在研究饲粮铜添加水平对产蛋期种鹅生产性能、繁殖性能、蛋品质和血清生化指标的影响。选择33周龄体况相近的种鹅120只，随机分为6组，每组4个重复，每个重复5只鹅（1公4母）。各组（Ⅰ~Ⅵ组）饲粮铜添加水平分别为0、4、6、8、10、12 mg/kg。预试期1周，正试期10周。结果表明：1）Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组的周产蛋量显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅲ组的产蛋率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅴ和Ⅵ组的平均日采食量显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅲ和Ⅵ组的料蛋比显著或极显著低于Ⅰ和Ⅳ组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。2）Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组的种蛋合格率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅵ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组的种蛋受精率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组的种蛋孵化率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组的健雏率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅵ组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。3）饲粮铜添加水平对蛋重、蛋形指数、蛋比重、蛋壳厚度、蛋黄比率、蛋白高度、哈氏单位、蛋黄颜色影响不显著（P>0.05）。Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组的蛋壳强度显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。4）Ⅲ组的血清总蛋白含量显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅴ组的血清碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅴ和Ⅵ组的血清尿素氮含量显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。由此可见，饲粮中添加适宜水平铜对产蛋期种鹅生产性能、繁殖性能、蛋壳强度有显著影响，建议产蛋期种鹅饲粮铜添加水平5.75~7.17 mg/kg。

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关键词 ：种鹅, 铜, 生产性能, 繁殖性能, 蛋品质, 血清生化指标

Abstract：This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary copper supplemental level on performance, reproduction performance, egg quality and serum biochemical parameters of breeding geese during laying period. A total of 120 thirty-three-week-old breeding geese with the similar body condition were randomly divided into 6 groups with 4 replicates per group and 5 geese per replicate (1 male and 4 female). Geese in the 6 groups (groups Ⅰ to Ⅵ) were fed basal diets supplemented with 0, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 mg/kg copper, respectively. The pre-experimental period lasted for 1 week, and the experimental period lasted for 10 weeks. The results showed as follows: 1) the weekly egg production of groups Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the laying rate of group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the average daily feed intake of groups Ⅴ and Ⅵ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05), and the feed to egg ratio of groups Ⅲ and Ⅵ was significantly lower than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅳ (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 2) The hatching egg qualified rate of groups Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅵ(P<0.05 or P<0.01), the hatching egg fertilization rate of groups Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the hatching egg hatching rate of groups Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the healthy rate of groups Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅵ(P<0.05 or P<0.01). 3) Dietary copper supplemental level had no significant effects on egg weight, egg shape index, egg specific gravity, eggshell thickness, yolk ratio, albumen height, Haugh unit and yolk color (P>0.05). The eggshell strength of groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05). 4) The serum total protein content of group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05), the serum alkaline phosphatase activity of group Ⅴ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05), and the serum urea nitrogen content of groups Ⅴ and Ⅵ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In conclusion, dietary suitable copper supplemental level has significant effects on performance, reproductive performance and eggshell strength of breeding geese during laying period; it is suggested that the dietary copper supplemental level of breeding geese during laying period is 5.75 to 7.17 mg/kg.

Key words： breeding geese copper performance reproductive performance egg quality serum biochemical parameters

收稿日期: 2018-11-05

PACS:

S835

基金资助:

国家水禽产业技术体系专项基金（CARS-43-11）；国家重点研发计划"绿色水禽高效安全养殖技术应用与示范"（2018YFD0501501）

通讯作者: 王宝维,教授,硕士生导师,E-mail:wangbw@qau.edu.cn E-mail: wangbw@qau.edu.cn

作者简介: 代国滔(1994-),男,贵州黔东南人,硕士研究生,研究方向为家禽营养与保健。E-mail:1278039858@qq.com

引用本文:

代国滔, 王宝维, 葛文华, 张名爱, 岳斌, 孔敏, 石静, 王贺飞, 隋福良. 饲粮铜添加水平对产蛋期种鹅生产性能、繁殖性能、蛋品质和血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019, 31(5): 2136-2143.
DAI Guotao, WANG Baowei, GE Wenhua, ZHANG Ming'ai, YUE Bin, KONG Min, SHI Jing, WANG Hefei, SUI Fuliang. Effects of Dietary Copper Supplemental Level on Performance, Reproduction Performance, Egg Quality and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Breeding Geese during Laying Period. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2019, 31(5): 2136-2143.

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http://www.chinajan.com/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.05.020 或 http://www.chinajan.com/CN/Y2019/V31/I5/2136

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