抗菌肽对仔猪生长性能、腹泻率和免疫球蛋白水平影响的Meta分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.08.017

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摘要随着饲用抗生素的禁用，抗生素替代物的研发已迫在眉睫。抗菌肽（AMPs）凭借其广谱抗菌活性、改善肠道形态与调节免疫等功能被视为强有力的抗生素替代物。本文旨在量化评估AMPs对仔猪生长性能、腹泻率和血液免疫指标的影响，并探究AMPs较优添加量。从PubMed、Web of Science和CNKI数据库中共搜集到31篇符合要求的文献，进行回归分析、敏感性分析、合并分析与剂量效应分析。相比于基础饲粮，饲粮添加AMPs可以显著提高仔猪的平均日增重[加权平均差（95%置信区间）：27.863 g/d（21.623，34.103）]和平均日采食量[加权平均差（95%置信区间）：15.321 g/d（7.307，23.334）]，降低料重比[加权平均差（95%置信区间）：-0.100（-0.119，-0.081）]，提高血清免疫球蛋白G（IgG）水平[标准平均差（95%置信区间）：1.060（0.424，1.696）]并降低腹泻率[加权平均差（95%置信区间）：-5.903%（-6.515，-5.290）]，但对血清免疫球蛋白A（IgA）和免疫球蛋白M（IgM）水平无显著影响。剂量效应分析表明，AMPs的较优添加量为0.075%或0.3%，这可能与AMPs的纯度有关。综上，AMPs可以提高仔猪的生长性能和免疫功能并降低腹泻率，是一种潜在的饲用抗生素替代物。

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关键词 ：抗菌肽, 仔猪, 生长性能, 腹泻, 免疫, Meta分析

Abstract：With the ban on feed antibiotics, the development of alternatives to antibiotics is imminent. Antibacterial peptides (AMPs) are regarded as powerful antibiotic substitutes due to their broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, improvement of intestinal morphology and regulation of immune function. The aim of this study was to quantify the effects of AMPs on growth performance, diarrhea rate and blood immune indices of piglets, and to explore the optimal addition amount of AMPs. From PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI databases, a total of 31 eligible articles were collected for regression analysis, sensitivity analysis, pool analysis and dose-effect analysis. The results showed that compared with the basic diet, diets supplemented with AMPs could significantly increase the piglets' average daily gain[weight mean difference (95% confidence interval):27.863 g/d (21.623, 34.103)], average daily feed intake[weight mean difference (95% confidence interval):15.321 g/d (7.307, 23.334)] and feed to gain ratio[weight mean difference (95% confidence interval):-0.100 (-0.119, -0.081)], significantly increase serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) level[standardized mean difference (95% confidence interval):1.060 (0.424, 1.696)], and significantly reduce diarrhea rate[weight mean difference (95% confidence interval):-5.903% (-6.515, -5.290)], but AMPs had no significant effects on serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels. Dose-effect analysis showed that the optimal addition amount of higher purity AMPs was 0.075% or 0.3%, and the optimal addition amount may be concerned with the purity of AMPs. In summary, AMPs can improve the growth performance and immunity of piglets and reduce the rate of diarrhea, thus it can be used as an antibiotic substitute.

Key words： antimicrobial peptides piglets growth performance diarrhea immunity Meta-analysis

收稿日期: 2020-03-04

PACS:

S828

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目（3163000269）；国家现代产业技术体系专项（CARS-35）；浙江省重大科技专项（2015C02022）

通讯作者: 靳明亮,研究员,博士生导师,E-mail:mljin@zju.edu.cn E-mail: mljin@zju.edu.cn

作者简介: 徐博成(1996-),男,黑龙江哈尔滨人,硕士研究生,从事抗菌肽设计与数据分析。E-mail:xubocheng1996@163.com

引用本文:

徐博成, 李智, 汪以真, 靳明亮. 抗菌肽对仔猪生长性能、腹泻率和免疫球蛋白水平影响的Meta分析[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020, 32(8): 3584-3593.
XU Bocheng, LI Zhi, WANG Yizhen, JIN Mingliang. Effects of Antimicrobial Peptides on Growth Performance, Diarrhea Rate and Immunoglobulin Levels of Piglets: A Meta-Analysis. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020, 32(8): 3584-3593.

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http://www.chinajan.com/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.08.017 或 http://www.chinajan.com/CN/Y2020/V32/I8/3584

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