复合乳酸菌对早期断奶牦犊牛生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道发育及消化酶活性的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.08.035

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摘要本试验旨在研究复合乳酸菌对早期断奶牦犊牛生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道发育及消化酶活性的影响。选取28日龄断奶的公牦犊牛10头，随机分为2组（每组5个重复，每个重复1头牛），分别饲喂基础饲粮（CT组）和基础饲粮+复合乳酸菌（LBS组），每头牦犊牛饲喂的复合乳酸菌（乳酸片球菌：戊糖片球菌：植物乳杆菌=1 ：1 ：1）总活菌数为1.7×10¹⁰ CFU/d。试验期56 d。结果表明：1）整个试验期（第1~56天），LBS组的平均日增重、总干物质采食量和苜蓿草采食量均高于CT组（P>0.05），开食料采食量极显著高于CT组（P<0.01）。2）第56天时，LBS组的血清谷丙转氨酶活性极显著低于CT组（P<0.01）；第28天时，LBS组的血清碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于CT组（P<0.05），LBS组的血清葡萄糖含量极显著高于CT组（P<0.01）。3）LBS组的十二指肠肌层厚度显著高于CT组（P<0.05），十二指肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度极显著高于CT组（P<0.01）；LBS组的空肠黏膜厚度显著高于CT组（P<0.05），空肠肌层厚度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度极显著高于CT组（P<0.01）；LBS组的回肠隐窝深度显著低于CT组（P<0.05），回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度极显著高于CT组（P<0.01）。4）LBS组的回肠黏膜肿瘤坏死因子-α含量极显著高于CT组（P<0.01），十二指肠和空肠黏膜干扰素-γ含量显著低于CT组（P<0.05），空肠黏膜白细胞介素-10和白细胞介素-4含量显著高于CT组（P<0.05）。5）LBS组的空肠和回肠胰蛋白酶活性显著高于CT组（P<0.05），回肠脂肪酶活性极显著高于CT组（P<0.01）。由此可见，饲喂复合乳酸菌能提高早期断奶牦犊牛的生长性能，增强营养物质的吸收利用能力，对肠道发育及免疫能力起到正向调控作用。

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	聂召龙
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	冯宇哲
	张晓卫
	崔占鸿

关键词 ：牦犊牛, 复合乳酸菌, 早期断奶, 生长性能, 肠道组织, 黏膜免疫

Abstract：This experiment was conducted to study the effects of compound Lactobacillus on growth performance, serum biochemical indexes, intestinal development and digestive enzyme activities of early-weaned yak calves. Ten male yak calves (twenty-eight days weaned) were randomly divided into 2 groups (5 replicates in each group and 5 calves in each replicate), yak calves were feed the basal diet (group CT) and basal diet supplemented with compound Lactobacillus (group LBS), respectively. Each yak calf was offered 1.7×10¹⁰ CFU/d compound Lactobacillus (Pedicoccus acidilacticii:Pediococcuspentosaceus:Lactobacillus plantarum=1:1:1). The experiment lasted for 56 days. The results showed as follows:1) during the whole experimental period (days 1 to 56), the average daily gain, total dry matter intake and alfalfa intake of group LBS was higher than those of group CT (P>0.05), and the starter intake was significantly higher than that of group CT (P<0.01). 2) On day 56, the serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity of group LBS was significantly lower than that of group CT (P<0.01); on day 28, the serum alkaline phosphatase activity of group LBS was significantly higher than that of group CT (P<0.05), and the serum glucose content of group LBS was significantly higher than that of group CT (P<0.01). 3) The muscularis thickness in duodenum of group LBS was significantly higher than that of group CT (P<0.05), and the villus height/crypt depth in duodenum was significantly higher than that of group CT (P<0.01); the mucosal thickness in jejunum of group LBS was significantly higher than that of group CT (P<0.05), and the muscularis thickness and villus height/crypt depth in jejunum were significantly higher than those of group CT (P<0.01); the crypt depth in ileum of group LBS was significantly lower than that of group CT (P<0.05), and the villus height/crypt depth in ileum was significantly higher than that of group CT (P<0.01). 4) The ileum mucosa tumor necrosis factor-α content of group LBS was significantly higher than that of group CT (P<0.01), the duodenum and jejunum mucosa interferon-γ content was significantly lower than that of group CT (P<0.05), and the contents of interleukin-10 and interleukin-4 in jejunum mucosa were significantly higher than those of group CT (P<0.05). 5) The jejunum and ileum trypsase activity of group LBS was significantly higher than that of group CT (P<0.05), and the ileum lipase activity was significantly higher than that of group CT (P<0.01). In conclusion, feeding compound Lactobacillus can improve the growth performance of early-weaned yak calves, enhance the ability of nutrients absorption and utilization, and has positive regulatory effects on intestinal development and immunity.

Key words： yak calves compound Lactobacillus early weaned growth performance intestinal tissue mucosal immunity

收稿日期: 2020-03-02

PACS:

S823

基金资助:青海省科技厅项目（2020-ZJ-911）；中国科学院"西部之光"西部青年学者项目A类（3-4）

通讯作者: 崔占鸿,副研究员,硕士生导师,E-mail:cuizhanhong27@126.com E-mail: cuizhanhong27@126.com

作者简介: 聂召龙(1993-),男,山东潍坊人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:1989125904@qq.com

引用本文:

聂召龙, 潘浩, 刘书杰, 王磊, 孙璐, 冯宇哲, 张晓卫, 崔占鸿. 复合乳酸菌对早期断奶牦犊牛生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道发育及消化酶活性的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020, 32(8): 3760-3770.
NIE Zhaolong, PAN Hao, LIU Shujie, WANG Lei, SUN Lu, FENG Yuzhe, ZHANG Xiaowei, CUI Zhanhong. Effects of Compound Lactobacillus on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indexes, Intestinal Development and Digestive Enzyme Activities of Early-Weaned Yak Calves. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020, 32(8): 3760-3770.

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