Rumen Microorganism Regulating Milk Protein Content in Holstein Dairy Cows Based on Metagenomic Analysis
WU Jianmin, WANG Yong, ZHOU Xiechen, GENG Zijian, JIA Daqing, HAN Yang, WANG Jianfa, WU Rui
Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases in Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
Abstract：This experiment was in order to study a potential relationship between the milk protein content and rumen microorganism in dairy cows under the same dietary structure and feeding environment. Three Holstein dairy cows with high milk protein content (>3.7%) for a long time and three Holstein dairy cows with low milk protein content (3.0% to 3.3%) for a long time were selected. Their rumen fluid was collected and their regulatory effects were analyzed by macrogenomics. This experiment showed that Bacteroidetes, Bacteroidia, Prevotella, Prevotellaceae, Bacteroidales, Prevotella ruminicola showed significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05), Prevotella ruminicola was the main difference microorganism. It was found for the first time that Trigonopsis may had a certain effect in regulating milk protein content. There were a significant increase on the relative abundance of functional genes of amino acid metabolism and metabolism of other amino acids in the rumen of dairy cows of high milk protein content for a long time (P<0.05); there were a significant increase on the gene number of COG0542, COG0612, COG1404, COG1506, COG2755 and COG4870 that closely related to protein degradation and amino acid metabolism (P<0.05), and the highest concentration of COG1404 gene was found, which could function through the expression of peptidase. In conclusion, Prevotella ruminicola and Trigonopsis in rumen under the same dietary structure and feeding environment have a certain effect on the regulation of milk protein content. Through high expression of COG0542, COG0612, COG1404, COG1506, COG2755 and COG4870 genes, rumen protein degradation and amino acid metabolism are enhanced, which affect the synthesis of milk protein precursors, and then regulate milk protein content.
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