Effects of Low Protein Diet Supplemented with Zinc-Montmorillonite on Growth Performance, Immune Organ Development and Intestinal Tissue Morphology of Broilers
QIN Shizhen, WANG Haibo, LI Jinlu, MA Xiaodong, PAI Wengang, YANG Minmin, WU Zhenyi, CHE Yuyan, GONG Liyuan, SHI Zhaoguo
College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Abstract：This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of low protein diet supplemented with zinc-montmorillonite (Zn-MMT) on growth performance, immune organ development and intestinal tissue morphology of broilers. A total of two hundred and eighty-eight 1-day-old male Cobb broilers with similar body weight were randomly assigned into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 8 broilers per replicate. The broilers in the control group were fed a corn-soybean meal type low protein basal diet, those in the positive control group [zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) group] were fed the basal diet supplemented with 40 mg/kg ZnSO4, and those in the four experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 20, 40, 60 and 80 Zn-MMT (in terms of zinc content), respectively. The chickens were free to feed and drink, and the experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the control group and ZnSO4 group, low protein diets supplemented with 60 and 80 mg/kg Zn-MMT significantly reduced the average daily gain (ADG) of broilers from 1 to 21 days of age (P<0.05), and dietary 80 mg/kg Zn-MMT significantly increased the feed to gain ratio (F/G) of broilers from 1 to 21 days of age (P<0.05). Dietary Zn-MMT had no significant effects on the ADG, average daily feed intake and F/G of broilers from 22 to 42 and 1 to 42 days of age as well as the ADG of broilers from 1 to 21 days of age (P>0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, low protein diets supplemented with Zn-MMT had no significant effects on immune organ index of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age (P>0.05). While compared with the ZnSO4 group, low protein diets supplemented with Zn-MMT significantly increased the thymus index and bursa of Fabricius index of broilers at 21 days of age (P<0.05), and dietary 80 mg/kg Zn-MMT significantly increased the thymus index of broilers at 42 days of age (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, low protein diets supplemented with 20 and 60 mg/kg Zn-MMT significantly increased the leg percentage of broilers at 42 days of age (P<0.05), however, compared with the ZnSO4 group, low protein diets supplemented with Zn-MMT had no significant effects on slaughter performance of broilers at 42 days of age (P>0.05). 4) Compared with the control group, low protein diets supplemented with 40 and 60 mg/kg Zn-MMT significantly reduced the crypt depth (CD) in duodenum of broilers (P<0.05), and dietary 60 mg/kg Zn-MMT significantly reduced the CD in jejunum of broilers (P<0.05); dietary 20 mg/kg Zn-MMT significantly reduced the CD in ileum of broilers and significantly increased the ratio of villus height (VH) to CD (V/C) in ileum of broilers (P<0.05); meanwhile, dietary 80 mg/kg Zn-MMT significantly reduced the V/C in jejunum of broilers (P<0.05). Compared with the ZnSO4 group, low protein diet supplemented with 20 mg/kg Zn-MMT significantly increased the V/C in ileum of broilers and significantly decreased the CD in ileum of broilers (P<0.05); dietary 40 mg/kg Zn-MMT significantly increased the VH in jejunum of broilers and significantly reduced the CD in duodenum of broilers (P<0.05); dietary 20 and 60 mg/kg Zn-MMT significantly reduced the CD in jejunum of broilers (P<0.05); at the same time, dietary 20, 40 and 60 mg/kg Zn-MMT significantly increased the V/C in jejunum of broilers (P<0.05). To sum up, low protein diets supplemented with Zn-MMT have no significant effect on the growth performance of broilers in later growth stage, but compared to the ZnSO4 supplementation, dietary Zn-MMT can significantly increase the small intestinal VH and V/C, decrease the small intestinal CD, and promote the intestine development of broilers.
秦士贞, 王海波, 李金录, 马晓东, 裴文刚, 杨敏敏, 武真邑, 车育彦, 龚莉媛, 史兆国. 低蛋白质饲粮添加载锌蒙脱石对肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官发育和肠道组织形态的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021, 33(2): 792-801.
QIN Shizhen, WANG Haibo, LI Jinlu, MA Xiaodong, PAI Wengang, YANG Minmin, WU Zhenyi, CHE Yuyan, GONG Liyuan, SHI Zhaoguo. Effects of Low Protein Diet Supplemented with Zinc-Montmorillonite on Growth Performance, Immune Organ Development and Intestinal Tissue Morphology of Broilers. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021, 33(2): 792-801.
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