本试验旨在研究谷氨酰胺、丁酸梭菌及其二者复合添加对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫功能、小肠形态结构和盲肠菌群的影响。试验选用288头21日龄断奶的杜×大×长三元杂交仔猪，随机分为4组，每组3个重复，每个重复24头猪。分别饲喂基础饲粮（对照组）、基础饲粮+1%谷氨酰胺（谷氨酰胺组）、基础饲粮+500 mg/kg丁酸梭菌（丁酸梭菌组）和基础饲粮+1%谷氨酰胺+500 mg/kg丁酸梭菌（复合组）。结果表明：1）断奶后14~21及0~21 d，谷氨酰胺组和复合组的平均日增重显著高于对照组（P<0.05），且复合组的平均日增重显著大于丁酸梭菌组（P<0.05），断奶后0~21 d，复合组的料重比显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。2）断奶后第7天，复合组补体4(C4)水平显著高于对照组（P<0.05），各试验组血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性均显著高于对照组（P<0.05），丁酸梭菌组和复合组血清总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）显著高于对照组（P<0.05），断奶后第14天（P<0.05），各试验组的溶菌酶活性、补体3(C3)水平和T-AOC均显著高于对照组（P<0.05），谷氨酰胺组和复合组C4水平和SOD活性显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。3）断奶后第7天，各试验组的十二指肠绒毛高度均显著高于对照组（P<0.05），丁酸梭菌组回肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组（P<0.05），复合组空肠以及回肠隐窝深度均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；断奶后第14天，复合组的十二指肠和回肠绒毛高度显著大于对照组（P<0.05），隐窝深度显著小于对照组（P<0.05）。4）断奶后第14天，复合组盲肠的大肠杆菌数显著小于对照组（P<0.05），双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数显著大于对照组（P<0.05）。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of glutamine (Gln) and Clostridium butyricum (CB) on growth performance, immune function, small intestinal morphology and cecal microflora in weanling piglets. Two hundred and eighty-eight piglets weaned at the age of 21 d were randomly divided into four groups with three replicates in every group and twenty-four piglets in every replicate. The four groups were basal diet group (CT), basal diet+1% glutamine group (GT), basal diet+500 mg/kg Clostridium butyricum group (CBT), and basal diet+1% glutamine+500 mg/kg Clostridium butyricum group (GCT), respectively. The results were showed as follows: 1) during 14 to 21 d and 0 to 21 d after weaned, the average daily gain (ADG) of GT and GCT was significantly higher than that of CT, the ADG of GCT was significantly higher than that of CBT, and the feed to gain ratio of GCT was significantly lower than that of CT. 2） On the 7th day after weaned, the concentration of complement 4 (C4) in GCT and SOD activity in GT, CBT and GCT were significantly higher than those in CT, meanwhile, the T-AOC in CBT and GCT were significantly higher than that in CT. On the 14th day after weaned, the lysozyme activity, the concentration of complement 3 (C3) and T-AOC in GT, CBT and GCT were significantly higher than those in CT; the concentration of C4 and SOD activity in GT and GCT were significantly higher than those in CT, respectively. 3) On the 7th day after weaned, the villus height of duodenum in GT, CBT and GCT were significantly increased compared with that in CT (P<0.05); the villus height of ileum in CBT was increased significantly compared with that in CT (P<0.05); the crypt depth of jejunum and ileum in GCT were significantly reduced compared with those in CT (P<0.05). On the 14th day after weaned, the villus height of duodenum and ileum in GCT were significantly increased compared with those in CT (P<0.05), while the crypt depth of duodenum and ileum in GCT were significantly reduced compared with those in CT (P<0.05). 4) On the 14th day after weaned, the number of E. coli in GCT was significantly less than that in CT (P<0.05), while the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were significantly larger than those in CT (P<0.05). ［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2011, 23（6）：998 -1005］