目前泌乳反刍动物尤其是奶牛乳腺营养研究已成为动物营养研究中的热点，乳腺血流量是影响乳腺营养物质吸收、摄取和利用的关键因素之一，因此乳腺血流量的准确测定也具有切实的理论和实践意义。本文以奶山羊乳腺为研究对象，利用transit-time超声血流量计对不同条件下乳腺血流量的检测及其准确性进行了评估。结果发现，结扎阴部外静脉可防止阴部外静脉血逆流进入乳房并对乳腺血流量的影响不显著（P＞0.05）；营养对乳腺血流量影响缓慢而极显著（P＜0.01）；挤奶对乳腺血流量影响不显著（P＞0.05），而躺卧能使乳腺血流量极显著增加（P＜0.01）；增加饲喂次数可以减小乳腺血流量的波动进而使检测更为准确，乳腺血流量01:00到12:00逐渐降低之后逐渐升高，产奶量和乳腺血流量平均值也会趋于正相关。由此可见，结扎阴部外静脉可以有效防止乳腺血流量检测不准确；营养对乳腺血流量有很大影响；挤奶不影响血流量而躺卧则使血流量明显增加；在增加饲喂次数的条件下检测乳腺血流量会更为准确。
宋移福,马卫明,王中华,贺加双,傅莹,曹永芝,池洪亮,谢冰,刘莲莲
. 奶山羊乳腺血流量检测的研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2011
, 23(06)
: 1035
-1042
.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2011.06.022
The mammary nutrition research in lactating ruminants, especially in dairy cows, has become a hot spot of animal nutrition research at present, and mammary blood flow is one of the key factors that affect the absorption, uptake and utilization of mammary nutrients, therefore, the accurate measurement of mammary blood flow has the theoretical and practical significance. This article took the mammary gland of dairy goats as the object and the transit-time ultrasonic blood flow meter was used to assess the measurement of mammary blood flow and the accuracy under different conditions. The results showed that external pudendal vein ligation could effectively prevent external pudendal vein blood refluxed into the mammary vein and did not affect the mammary blood flow (P＞0.05); the effect of nutrition on mammary blood flow was slow but significant (P＜0.01); milking had little effect on mammary blood flow (P＞0.05), but lying could increase mammary blood flow significantly (P＜0.01); increasing the feeding times could reduce mammary blood flow fluctuations and enhance the rate of accuracy of measuring mammary blood flow, the mammary blood flow was decreased gradually from 01:00 to 12:00 o’clock and then increased, at the same time the milk yield was in a positive correlation with the average of the blood flow. In conclusion, the external pudendal vein ligation can effectively prevent the blood flow measurement from inaccuracy; nutrition has a great effect on the mammary blood flow; milking has little effect on the blood flow while lying can increase blood flow significantly; the measurement of mammary blood flow will be more accurate under the conditions of increasing the feeding times.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2011, 23（6）：1035 -1042］
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