动物营养学报 >

2011 , Vol. 23 >Issue 10: 1745 - 1755

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2011.10.014

水产营养


饲料中添加硒酵母和维生素E对刺参生长、免疫力及抗病力的影响

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  • （1.中国海洋大学教育部海水养殖重点实验室，青岛266003； 2.广西壮族自治区海洋研究所，
    广西海洋生物技术重点实验室，北海536000）
张琴（1982—），女，山东曲阜人，博士，从事水产动物营养与饲料方面的研究。E-mail: celery996@yahoo.com.cn

网络出版日期: 2011-10-24

基金资助

国家高技术研究发展计划863计划（2006AA100313）资助

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Effects of Dietary Selenoyeast and Vitamin E on Growth, Immunity and Disease Resistance of Sea Cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus Selenka)

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  • (1. Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Education Ministry of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;
    2. Guangxi Institute of Oceanology, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangxi, Beihai 536000, China)

Online published: 2011-10-24

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摘要

本文旨在研究饲料中添加硒酵母和维生素E对刺参生长、免疫力及抗病力的影响。采用2×4双因子试验设计，即在基础饲料中分别添加0和250 mg/kg的维生素E，每一维生素E水平下分别添加0、100、300和600 mg/kg的硒酵母，共制成8种试验饲料，饲喂平均初始体重为（3.52±0.08） g的刺参8周。每组设3个重复，每个重复25头刺参，其中饲喂未添加硒酵母和维生素E的基础饲料的组为对照组。饲养试验结果表明，硒酵母和维生素E对刺参的特定生长率（SGR）均有显著影响（P<0.05），高剂量硒酵母（600 mg/kg）和维生素E（250 mg/kg）添加组刺参的SGR最高。当饲料中不添加维生素E时，刺参的吞噬活性、呼吸爆发（RB）活性、酚氧化酶（PO）活性和酸性磷酸酶（ACP）活性随硒酵母添加量的增加而升高，且600 mg/kg硒酵母添加组上述指标均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。当饲料中250 mg/kg的维生素E时，添加600 mg/kg硒酵母组刺参的吞噬活性、RB活性和PO活性均高于其他硒酵母添加组，并显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。攻毒试验结果表明饲料中添加硒酵母和维生素E均可显著影响刺参感染灿烂弧菌后的14 d内的累积死亡率（P<0.05）。当饲料中不添加维生素E时，刺参的累积死亡率随着硒酵母添加量的增加有下降的趋势（P>0.05）。当饲料中添加250 mg/kg的维生素E时，各硒酵母添加组刺参的累积死亡率显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。在本试验条件下，饲料中添加硒酵母和维生素E均可提高刺参的特定生长率、免疫力和抗病力，同时添加600 mg/kg硒酵母和250 mg/kg的维生素E是本研究最优的组合。

关键词： 刺参; 硒酵母; 维生素E; 免疫力; 抗病力

本文引用格式

张琴,麦康森,张文兵,马洪明,艾庆辉,徐玮,刘付志国 .
饲料中添加硒酵母和维生素E对刺参生长、免疫力及抗病力的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2011 , 23(10) : 1745 -1755 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2011.10.014

Abstract

This trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary selenoyeast and vitamin E on growth, immunity and disease resistance of sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus Selenka). A total of 600 sea cucumbers with an average initial body weight of (3.52±0.08) g were fed with 8 practical diets according to a 2×4 factorial design: a basal diet as the control diet supplemented with 2 levels of vitamin E (0 and 250 mg/kg), crossed with 0, 100, 300 or 600 mg/kg selenoyeast for 8 weeks. There were 3 replicates per group with 35 sea cucumbers. The feeding trial results showed that dietary selenoyeast and vitamin E had significant influence on specific growth rate (SGR) (P<0.05), and the highest SGR of sea cucumbers was found in the group with the diet containing 600 mg/kg selenoyeast and 250 mg/kg vitamin E. In the groups with the diets containing 0 mg/kg vitamin E, phagocytosis activity, respiratory burst (RB) activity, phenoloxidase (PO) activity and acid phosphatase (ACP) activity were increased with the selenoyeast level increasing, and above indices in the group with the diet containing 600 mg/kg selenoyeast were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). In the groups with the diets containing 250 mg/kg vitamin E, sea cucumbers fed the diet containing 600 mg/kg selenoyeast had significantly higher phagocytosis, RB activity and PO activity compared with the control group (P<0.05). The challenge trial results showed that dietary selenoyeast and vitamin E had significant effects on cumulative mortality at 14 days after infection with V. splendidus (P<0.05). When diets did not contain vitamin E, the cumulative mortality showed a decreasing tendency with selenoyeast increasing (P>0.05). When diets supplemented with 250 mg/kg vitamin E, sea cucumbers fed each selenoyeast level diet had significantly lower cumulative mortality compared with the control group (P<0.05). It can be concluded that the supplementation of selenoyeast and vitamin E in diets can enhance the SGR, immunity and disease resistance of sea cucumbers. Accordingly, the supplementation of 600 mg/kg selenoyeast and 250 mg/kg vitamin E in the diet is the optimal combination in the present study.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2011, 23（10）：1745 -1755］

Key words： sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicas Selenka);  ; selenoyeast; vitamin E; immunity; disease resistance

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