本试验旨在研究中华蜜蜂越冬阶段对维生素和氨基酸的需要量。根据中华蜜蜂天然饲料——蜂蜜中的维生素和氨基酸含量设计试验饲料[中剂量(67.28 mg/kg)维生素+中剂量(127.85 mg/kg)氨基酸组、中剂量维生素+高剂量(256.70 mg/kg)氨基酸组、高剂量(134.56 mg/kg)维生素+中剂量氨基酸组、高剂量维生素+高剂量氨基酸组]，测定维生素和氨基酸剂量对中华蜜蜂越冬阶段蜂群群势削减率、饲料消耗量以及抗氧化性能的影响，并以糖水和蜂蜜为对照进行比较，研究不同剂量维生素和氨基酸对中华蜜蜂越冬性能及抗氧化性能的影响，推断中华蜜蜂越冬阶段维生素和氨基酸的营养需要量。结果表明：1）在群势削减率方面，中剂量维生素高剂量氨基酸试验组较低，虽与蜂蜜对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)，但2个组均显著低于糖水对照组（P<0.05）；高剂量维生素中剂量氨基酸试验组较高，显著高于蜂蜜对照组（P<0.05），但与其他组均差异不显著（P>0.05）。各试验组的饲料消耗量与糖水对照组和蜂蜜对照组均无显著差异（P>0.05）。2）在蜜蜂总超氧化物歧化酶活性方面，中剂量维生素中剂量氨基酸试验组显著高于高剂量氨基酸的2个试验组及糖水对照组和蜂蜜对照组（P<0.05）；2个中剂量氨基酸试验组没有显著差异（P>0.05）。各试验组及对照组间的丙二醛含量没有显著差异（P>0.05）。由此可见，在越冬阶段，可以在常规饲料——糖水中添加维生素和氨基酸来满足蜜蜂越冬的部分营养需求，其复合维生素的添加量应低于67.28 mg/kg，复合氨基酸的添加量应在127.85～256.70 mg/kg。

This experiment was conducted to study the requirements of vitamins and amino acids for Apis cerana cerana during overwintering period. Based on the contents of vitamins and amino acids in honey, we designed the experimental diets, including 67.28 mg/kg vitamin complex and 127.85 mg/kg amino acid complex group (group A1B1), 67.28 mg/kg vitamin complex and 256.70 mg/kg amino acid complex group (group A1B2), 134.56 mg/kg vitamin complex and 127.85 mg/kg amino acid complex group (group A2B1), 134.56 mg/kg vitamin complex and 256.70 mg/kg amino acid complex group (group A2B2). The effects of dietary levels of vitamin complex and amino acid complex were studied, honey and sugar (syrup) served as control, and the feed consumption, reduction rate of population of swarm and antioxidant activity were detected. The results showed as follows: 1) the reduction rate of population of group A1B2 and the control group D (honey) was significantly lower than that of the control group C (syrup) (P<0.05), and there was not significantly different between group A1B2 and the control group D (P>0.05); the reduction rate of population of group A2B1 was significantly higher than that of the control group D (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference compared with the other groups (P>0.05). There was no effect of different levels of vitamin complex and amino acid complex on feed consumption compared with the control group C (syrup) and D (honey) (P>0.05). 2) The total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity of group A1B1 was significantly higher than that of group A1B2, A2B2 and the control group C and D (P<0.05), while there was no significantly different in T-SOD activity between group A1B1 and group A2B1 (P>0.05). There was no effect of different levels of vitamin complex and amino acid complex on malondialdehyde (MDA) content (P>0.05). In conclusion, by adding the vitamin complex and amino acid complex in syrup, Apis cerana cerana can obtain adequate nutrition during overwintering period, and the supplemental levels of vitamin complex should be lower than 67.28 mg/kg and that of amino acid complex should be from 127.85 to 256.70 mg/kg.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2011, 23（10）：1756 -1761］