本试验旨在研究鱼油对脂多糖（LPS）刺激仔猪肠道损伤的保护作用。试验选用32头（28±3）日龄、体重为（8.91±0.74） kg的杜洛克×长白×大白仔猪，随机分为4组，每组4个重复，每个重复（栏）2头猪，公母各1头。试验采用2×2因子设计，主因子包括：1）饲粮处理（5%鱼油或5%玉米油）；2）免疫应激（注射LPS或生理盐水），试验期19 d。试验第19天，每个饲粮组1/2的猪注射150 μg/kg BW的LPS，另1/2注射无菌生理盐水作为对照。注射LPS 4 h后屠宰仔猪，取小肠样品待测。结果表明：1）LPS刺激导致空肠、回肠黏膜绒毛高度和隐窝深度显著下降（P<0.05），鱼油显著提高了回肠黏膜绒毛高度、隐窝深度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度（P<0.05）。2）LPS刺激导致空肠黏膜麦芽糖酶、乳糖酶和蔗糖酶活性显著降低（P<0.05）;鱼油显著提高了空肠蔗糖酶活性（P<0.05），同时鱼油对回肠乳糖酶活性的影响与LPS刺激存在显著的互作关系（P<0.05），即对生理盐水组，鱼油显著提高了回肠乳糖酶活性（P<0.05）。3）LPS刺激显著提高了空肠和回肠中肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、前列腺素E2（PGE2）含量（P<0.05），鱼油显著降低了空肠中TNF-α含量（P<0.05），对空肠中PGE2含量有抑制趋势（P<0.10）。4）LPS刺激导致空肠和回肠黏膜中核转录因子kappaB（NF-κB）蛋白表达水平显著提升（P<0.05），而鱼油则有效降低了回肠中NF-κB蛋白表达水平（P<0.05）。结果提示：鱼油缓解了LPS导致仔猪的肠道损伤，鱼油可能通过影响肠道中NF-κB蛋白的表达来抑制炎性介质的分泌，从而发挥保护作用。
This experiment was conducted to study the protective effects of fish oil on intestinal mucosa injury of piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Thirty-two crossbred (Duroc×Landrace×Large White) piglets weaned at (28±3) d of age with body weight of (8.91±0.74) kg were used in a 2×2 factorial design. The piglets were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 2 piglets per replicate. The main factors consisted of diet (5% corn oil or 5% fish oil) and immunological challenge (LPS injection or physiological saline injection). The experiment lasted for 19 days. On day 19, half of piglets in every diet group were injected intraperitoneally with either 150 μg/kg BW of LPS or an equivalent amount of sterile saline. At 4 h after LPS challenge, the piglets were slaughtered to collect intestinal mucosa samples for analysis. The results showed as follows: 1) LPS challenge reduced the villus height and crypt depth in jejunum and ileum （P<0.05）. Fish oil supplementation improved villus height, crypt depth and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in ileum （P<0.05）. 2) LPS challenge reduced the activities of lactase, sucrase and maltase in jejunum (P<0.05). The sucrase activity of piglets fed fish oil was improved in jejunum (P<0.05). The lactase activity of piglets fed fish oil and injected physiological saline was increased in ileum (P<0.05). 3) LPS challenge increased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) contents in jejunum and ileum (P<0.05). Piglets fed fish oil had lower TNF-α level than piglets fed corn oil (P<0.05). Fish oil supplementation inhibited PGE2 contents in jejunum (P<0.10). 4) LPS challenge increased nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) protein expression in jejunum and ileum (P<0.05). Fish oil suppressed NF-κB protein expression in ileum (P<0.05). These results suggest that fish oil can alleviate intestine damage induced by LPS challenge. Additionally, the protective effects of fish oil on the intestine are associated with decreasing the production of intestinal pro-inflammatory parameters through inhibiting NF-κB expression.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2011, 23（10）：1775 -1782］
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