本试验旨在研究大豆粕替代鱼粉在吉富罗非鱼稚鱼实用饲料中的效果。平均体重为（5.80±0.17） g的吉富罗非鱼稚鱼360尾随机分为6组（1个对照组和5个试验组），每组3个重复，每个重复20尾鱼。6组饲料按照等氮（33.8%）和等能量（16.50 MJ/kg）原则配制，其中对照组饲料添加20%鱼粉（不含大豆粕），5个试验组饲料中大豆粕替代鱼粉水平依次为20%、40%、60%、80%和100%。试验期为60 d。结果表明，大豆粕替代20%～80%鱼粉的试验组鱼的摄食量、特定生长率、饲料效率和蛋白质效率接近对照组，当大豆粕替代100%鱼粉时，摄食量、特定生长率、饲料效率和蛋白质效率均下降10%左右，但对照组与各试验组间无显著性差异（P>0.05）；各处理间鱼体的蛋白质和灰分含量无显著差异（P>0.05），但其脂肪含量和肠脂指数随着大豆粕替代比例增加而下降，而内脏指数逐步升高，其中大豆粕替代100%鱼粉的试验组的肠脂指数和内脏指数与对照组相比有显著性差异（P<0.05）；大豆粕替代100%鱼粉的试验组鱼的血浆总蛋白、胆固醇、甘油三酯、钙和磷含量均低于对照组（P>0.05），血清中甲状腺素含量显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。本试验认为，大豆粕在吉富罗非鱼稚鱼实用饲料中可以替代80%的鱼粉；大豆粕的抗营养因子和较低的必需氨基酸（赖氨酸及蛋氨酸+胱氨酸）含量是影响吉富罗非鱼稚鱼生长与饲料效益的主要原因。
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of soybean meal (SM) as a substitute for fish meal (FM) in practical diets for juvenile genetic improvement of fanned tilapia (GIFT). A total of 360 fish with an average body weight of (5.80±0.17) g were randomly divided into 6 groups (control group and 5 experimental groups) with 3 replicates each, and each replicate contained 20 fish. Six diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous (33.8%) and isoenergetic (16.50 MJ/kg). The diet with 20% FM and without SM served as a control group diet. Five experimental diets were supplemented with FM replaced by 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% SM, respectively. The experiment lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows: 1) the feed intake (FI), specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency ratio (FER) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish fed diets supplemented with SM instead of 20% to 80% FM were similar to those of fish fed the control diet. When SM was used instead of 100% FM, those indexes were decreased by 10% approximately, but no significant differences were found between the control and other experimental groups (P>0.05). 2) No significant differences in carcass protein and ash contents were found among all treatments (P>0.05). 3) With increasing the proportion of SM instead of FM, lipid content and intestinalsomatic index (ISI) were decreased (P>0.05) and viscerasomatic index (VSI) was increased (P>0.05). The diet supplemented with SM instead of 100% FM had significant effects on ISI and VSI compared with the control diet (P<0.05). 4) The contents of total protein (TP), cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TG), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (PHOS) in plasma of fish fed diet supplemented with SM instead of 100% FM were lower than those of fish fed the control diet (P>0.05), and the content of thyroxin in serum was significantly lower than that of fish fed the control diet (P<0.05). The results indicate that SM can be replaced up to 80% FM in practical diets of GIFT. But the anti-nutritional factors and suboptimal levels of essential amino acids (Lysine and methionice+cystine) in SM may be major negative effects on growth and feed conversion ratio of GIFT.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2011, 23（10）：1840 -1846］
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