本试验旨在研究饲粮中三聚氰胺对泌乳奶牛干物质采食量、产奶量和乳成分的影响,并探讨饲粮中三聚氰胺在牛奶中的残留规律。试验选择9头泌乳中期 的中国荷斯坦奶牛,随机分成3组,分别饲喂添加0.1%(MEL1组)、0.5%(MEL2组)和1.0%(MEL3组)三聚氰胺的饲粮(干物质基础)。试验期28 d。结果表明,饲粮添加三聚氰胺对奶牛干物质采食量、产奶量、乳脂、乳蛋白和乳糖含量无显著影响(P>0.05);但乳中尿素含量随着三聚氰胺添加量的增加显著升高(P<0.05)。乳中三聚氰胺含量随添加量的增加而显著增加(P<0.05),在MEL1、MEL2和MEL3这3个组的含量分别为5.48、28.32和51.96 mg/L,乳中三聚氰胺产量分别为66.00、420.05和745.20 mg/d。饲粮中三聚氰胺向乳中转化的效率在3个组间无显著差异(P>0.05),平均转化率为(0.51±0.10)%。在停喂三聚氰胺后牛奶中三聚氰胺含量迅速降低,在停喂后第3天三聚氰胺残留量均低于0.05 mg/L。综合本试验结果可知,泌乳奶牛日粮添加三聚氰胺可显著提高牛奶中三聚氰胺残留量,但对奶牛干物质采食量、产奶量和乳成分无显著影响。
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary melamine on dry matter intake, milk yield and milk composition of lactating dairy cows, and to explored the regularity of deposition of melamine in milk. Nine multiparous Holstein cows in middle lactation [(160?21)d] were randomly allotted into 3 groups. Cows in the 3 groups were fed experimental diets supplemented with 0.1% (MEL1 group), 0.5% (MEL2 group) and 1.0% (MEL3 group) melamine (DM basis), respectively. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed that dietary melamine had no significant influence on dry matter intake, milk yield, milk fat, milk protein and milk lactose of dairy cows (P>0.05), however, the urea content in milk was increased significantly with the increasing of dietary melamine (P<0.05). The melamine content in milk was increased significantly with the increasing of dietary melamine (P<0.05). The melamine contents in milk of MEL1, MEL2 and MEL3 groups were 5.48, 28.32 and 51.96 mg/L, and the melamine yields in milk of MEL1, MEL2 and MEL3 groups were 66.00, 420.05 and 745.20 mg/d, respectively. There was no significant difference in dietary melamine transfer rate in milk among all groups (P>0.05), and the average transfer rate was (0.51?0.1)%. The melamine residual were decreased rapidly after removing the melamine from diet, the residual level of melamine in milk was drop below 0.05 mg/L after the removed the melamine from diet on day 3. In conclusion, dietary melamine can significantly increase the residual level of melamine in milk, but has no significant influence on dry matter intake, milk yield and milk composition.
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