载铜硅酸盐纳米微粒对黄羽肉鸡肠道菌群、氮代谢和排泄物氨逸失的影响

史明雷; 郑兰; 郭孝烨; 占秀安

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.08.022

动物营养学报 >

2013 , Vol. 25 >Issue 8: 1843 - 1850

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.08.022

饲料营养 Feed Science and Technology

载铜硅酸盐纳米微粒对黄羽肉鸡肠道菌群、氮代谢和排泄物氨逸失的影响

史明雷 ,
郑兰 ,
郭孝烨 ,
占秀安

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浙江大学饲料科学研究所,杭州 310058

收稿日期: 2013-03-07

网络出版日期: 2013-07-15

基金资助

现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-42-G19)

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Copper Silicate Nanoparticles: Effects of Intestinal Microflora, Nitrogen Metabolism and Ammonia Emission from Excreta of Yellow-Feathered Broilers

SHI Minglei ,
ZHENG Lan ,
GUO Xiaoye ,
ZHAN Xiu’an

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Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China

Received date: 2013-03-07

Online published: 2013-07-15

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摘要

本试验旨在研究载铜硅酸盐纳米微粒(CSN)对黄羽肉鸡肠道菌群、氮代谢和排泄物氨逸失的影响.将420只1日龄岭南黄羽肉鸡随机分为2组,每组3个重复,每个重复70只(公母各占1/2).对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+2 g/kg CSN.试验期50 d,分1~21日龄和22~50日龄2个阶段.测定指标包括平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比,50日龄盲肠内大肠杆菌、乳酸杆菌、总好氧菌和总厌氧菌的数量,21日龄和50日龄盲肠内容物的pH,饲养过程中鸡舍内氨气浓度的动态变化,血清和粪便中的黄嘌呤氧化酶活性及尿酸、尿素氮、氨态氮含量.结果表明:1)与对照组相比,CSN组黄羽肉鸡各生长性能指标均无显著变化(P>0.05),但CSN具有降低22~50日龄和1~50日龄阶段料重比的趋势.2)CSN显著降低了50日龄黄羽肉鸡盲肠大肠杆菌和总好氧菌数量(P<0.05),显著增加了盲肠乳酸杆菌和总厌氧菌数量(P<0.05),显著降低了21日龄黄羽肉鸡盲肠pH(P<0.05),且具有降低粪便pH的趋势(P>0.05),而50日龄黄羽肉鸡盲肠pH和粪便pH均无显著变化(P>0.05).3)CSN显著降低了21日龄黄羽肉鸡血清黄嘌呤氧化酶活性和50日龄黄羽肉鸡粪便尿素氮含量(P<0.05).4)CSN显著降低了19、25、31、37、43、49日龄时鸡舍氨气浓度(P<0.05).结果提示:CSN能调节肠道微生物区系,促进有益菌的生长,抑制有害菌的生长,影响体内的氮代谢,从而可在一定程度上降低排泄物氨的逸失.

关键词： 载铜硅酸盐纳米微粒; 肠道菌群; 氮代谢

本文引用格式

史明雷 , 郑兰 , 郭孝烨 , 占秀安 . 载铜硅酸盐纳米微粒对黄羽肉鸡肠道菌群、氮代谢和排泄物氨逸失的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2013 , 25(8) : 1843 -1850 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.08.022

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment is to study the effects of copper silicate nanoparticles on intestinal microflora, nitrogen metabolism and ammonia emission from excreta of yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 420 one-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were randomly allocated into 2 groups, and each group contained 3 replicates of 35 male birds and 35 female birds. Broilers in control group were fed a maize-soybean based diet and those in the experimental group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 2 g/kg CSN. The whole experiment period was 50 days,including two phases of days 1 to 21 (starter period) and days 22 to 50 (finisher period). The indices included average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed to gain ratio (F/G), the number of Coliforms, Lactobacillus, total aerobe and total anaerobe in caecum at day 50, pH in caecum at days 21 and 50, the concentration of ammonia in the house during the breeding period, the activity of xanthine oxidase activity (XOD) and the contents of uric acid (UA), uric acid nitrogen (UN) and ammonia nitrogen (NH₄-N ) in serum and feces. The results showed as follows: 1) there were no significant differences in all the indices about growth performance during the whole period between the experimental group and the control group (P>0.05), but it had a trend of inducing the ratio of feed to gain of broilers during the finisher period and the total period. 2) The number of Escherichia coli and total aerobe at day 50 and pH in caecum at day 21 in the experimental group were significantly decreased compared with the control group (P<0.05), the number of Lactobacillus and total anaerobe was significantly increased at day 50 (P<0.05), and pH in caecum at day 50 and feces during whole period was no significant difference compared with the control group (P>0.05), but it had a trend of decreasing pH in feces during the whole period (P>0.05). 3) Xanthine oxidase activity in serum of broilers at day 21 and urea nitrogen content in feces of broilers at day 50 were significantly decreased compared with the control group (P<0.05). 4) There was a significant difference in ammonia emission from excreta between the experimental group and the control group at days 19, 25, 31, 37, 43 and 49 (P<0.05). In conclusion, CSN can regulate the intestinal microflora, promote the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, adjust the nitrogen metabolism of the animals and reduce the ammonia emission from excreta.

Key words： copper silicate nanoparticles; intestinal microflora; nitrogen metabolism

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