本文旨在研究氨化稻草体外瘤胃发酵甲烷(CH4)、二氧化碳(CO2)和挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)的产生规律.用不同水平的尿素对稻草进行氨化处理,尿素水平分别为0(对照)、2%、4%、6%、8%,应用Menke体外产气技术进行48 h的发酵,应用气相色谱仪测定CH4、CO2和挥发性脂肪酸产量.结果表明:氨化处理极显著提高了稻草的粗蛋白质含量(P<0.01),极显著降低了中性洗涤纤维含量(P<0.01);氨化处理极显著提高了总产气量、总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)、CH4、CO2和乙酸的产量(P<0.01),但对乙酸/丙酸以及气体的相对产量(CH4/TVFA、CO2/TVFA和总产气/TVFA)没有显著影响(P>0.05).结果提示,应用氨化处理提高稻草对反刍动物的饲用价值,将不可避免地提高瘤胃CH4、CO2和总产气量,今后有必要研究在使用氨化稻草饲喂反刍动物条件下,降低瘤胃发酵CH4和CO2产量的技术和产品.
This trial studied the production of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) of ammoniated rice straw during in vitro rumen fermentation. Different levels of urea, i.e. 0, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% were used for the ammoniation of rice straw as experimental treatments Ⅰ (control), Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ, respectively. The Menke’s in vitro gas production technique was used for a 48 h in vitro fermentation. The productions of CH4, CO2 and VFA were analyzed using gas chromatography. The results showed that the crude protein content of rice straw was significantly increased by ammoniation treatment (P<0.01), while the neutral detergent fiber content was significantly decreased (P<0.01); the production of total gas, total VFA (TVFA), CH4, CO2 and acetate was significantly increased by ammoniation treatment (P<0.01), while acetate/propionate, and gas relative production (CH4/TVFA, CO2/TVFA and total gas/TVFA) was not affected (P>0.05). In conclusion, upgrading the feeding quality of rice straw for ruminants using ammoniation treatment will inevitably increase the production of CH4, CO2 and total gas. It is suggested to investigate techniques and products in the future for mitigating CH4 and CO2 production from rumen fermentation when ruminants are fed ammoniated rice straw.
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