不同粗饲料组合全混合日粮对泌乳奶牛体外瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸生成动力学特性的影响

白萨茹拉; 杨红建; 李胜利

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.12.019

动物营养学报 >

2013 , Vol. 25 >Issue 12: 2920 - 2927

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.12.019

反刍动物营养 Ruminant Nutrition

不同粗饲料组合全混合日粮对泌乳奶牛体外瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸生成动力学特性的影响

白萨茹拉 ,
杨红建 ,
李胜利

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中国农业大学动物科学技术学院, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193

收稿日期: 2013-07-22

网络出版日期: 2013-11-19

基金资助

国家重点基础科学研究计划(2011CB100801);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD12B02)

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Different Roughage Combinations in Total Mixed Rations： Effects on Kinetic Characteristics of in Vitro Ruminal Volatile Fatty Acid Production of Lactating Dairy Cows

BAI Saruul ,
YANG Hongjian ,
LI Shengli

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State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2013-07-22

Online published: 2013-11-19

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摘要

本试验旨在研究不同粗饲料组合全混合日粮(TMR)对泌乳奶牛体外瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸生成动力学特性的影响。选用4头体重、年龄、泌乳期和日均产奶量相近、安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛作为试验动物,分别饲喂4种TMR。TMR精饲料组成相同,精粗比为61: 39,粗饲料组合分别为100%玉米秸(TMR1)、50%玉米秸+50%玉米秸黄贮(TMR2)、50%玉米秸黄贮+50%羊草(TMR3)、50%羊草+50%全株玉米青贮(TMR4)。在预试期15 d后,晨饲前采集各头奶牛瘤胃液,分别以各头奶牛所饲喂的TMR为底物,进行体外批次培养试验,采样时间点分别为发酵后2、5、10、14、20、27、36、48和72 h。结果表明:TMR4乙酸产量潜在增幅(46.8 mmol/L)最低,极显著低于其他TMR(P<0.01);TMR2乙酸产量增速常数(0.14%/h)和日产量(29.01 mol/d)最高,分别显著(P<0.05)和极显著(P<0.01)高于其他3种TMR。TMR2丙酸产量潜在增幅(8.0 mmol/L)最低,极显著低于其他TMR(P<0.01),TMR1(13.5 mmol/L)最高,但与TMR3和TMR4之间差异不显著(P>0.05);不同TMR丙酸产量增速常数差异不显著(P>0.05);TMR2丙酸日产量最低(1.35 mol/d),显著低于TMR3和TMR4(P<0.05)。不同TMR丁酸产量潜在增幅差异不显著(P>0.05);TMR3丁酸产量增速常数(0.091%/h)和日产量最高(2.82 mol/d),分别极显著(P<0.01)和显著(P<0.05)高于其他TMR。综上所述,不同粗饲料组合TMR瘤胃微生物发酵乙酸、丙酸和丁酸生成动力学参数存在显著差异,但采用体外批次培养法测算的奶牛瘤胃乙酸、丙酸、丁酸日产量较同位素示踪体内法偏低,故不适于测算奶牛体内挥发性脂肪酸日产量。

关键词： 粗饲料组合; 泌乳奶牛; 挥发性脂肪酸; 体外批次培养法

本文引用格式

白萨茹拉 , 杨红建 , 李胜利 . 不同粗饲料组合全混合日粮对泌乳奶牛体外瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸生成动力学特性的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2013 , 25(12) : 2920 -2927 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.12.019

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different roughage combinations in total mixed rations (TMRs) on kinetic characteristics of in vitro ruminal volatile fatty acid (VFA) production of lactating dairy cows. Four Holstein cows with similar body weight, age, lactation period and average daily milk yield, and fitted with permanent ruminal fistulas, were used as experimental animals and fed four TMRs. Four TMRs had the same concentrate composition, and the ratio of concentrate to roughage was 61: 39. Roughage combinations were designed as follows: 100% corn stover (TMR1), 50% corn stover+50% ensiled corn stover (TMR2), 50% ensiled corn stover+50% Chinese wildrye hay (TMR3) and 50% Chinese wildrye hay+50% whole corn silage (TMR4). After 15-day pre-experimental period, an in vitro batch culture was performed for 2, 5, 10, 14, 20, 27, 36, 48 and 72 h, in which TMRs fed to each corresponding cows were chosen as substrates. The results showed as follows: the lowest potential amplification of acetate production occurred in TMR4 (46.8 mmol/L), and was significantly lower than that in other TMRs (P<0.01); TMR2 had the greatest accelerate constant of acetate production (0.14%/h) and daily acetate production (29.01 mol/d), which were significantly higher than those in other TMRs (P<0.05 or P<0.05). TMR2 had the lowest potential amplification of propionate production (8.0 mmol/d), and was significantly lower than that in other TMRs (P<0.01), while that in TMR1 (13.5 mmol/L) was the highest, but was not significantly different from that in TMR3 and TMR4 (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the accelerate constant of propionate production among different TMRs (P>0.05); TMR2 had the lowest daily propionate production (1.35 mol/d), which was significantly lower than that in TMR3 and TMR4 (P<0.05). No significant difference in the potential amplification of butyrate production was observed among different TMRs (P>0.05); TMR3 had the greatest accelerate constant of butyrate production (0.091%/h, P<0.01) and daily butyrate production (2.82 mol/d, P<0.05), which were significantly higher than those in other TMRs. In conclusion, TMRs with different roughage combinations exhibit remarkable difference in the kinetic parameters of acetate, propionate and butyrate production. The values of daily acetate, propionate and butyrate production estimated by in vitro batch culture method are lower than those estimated by in vivo isotopic tracing method, which suggests that the in vitro batch culture method can not be used to estimate dairy VFA production in the rumen for dairy cows.

Key words： roughage combination; dairy cow; volatile fatty acid; in vitro batch culture

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