饲粮脂肪源对育成期水貂生长性能和营养物质消化代谢的影响

杨颖; 张铁涛; 岳志刚; 郑培和; 曲勃; 邢秀梅

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.02.013

动物营养学报 >

2014 , Vol. 26 >Issue 2: 380 - 388

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.02.013

特种经济动物营养 Special Economic Animal Nutrition

饲粮脂肪源对育成期水貂生长性能和营养物质消化代谢的影响

杨颖 ,
张铁涛 ,
岳志刚 ,
郑培和 ,
曲勃 ,
邢秀梅

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1. 中国农业科学院特产研究所, 吉林省省部共建特种经济动物分子生物学国家重点实验室, 长春 130012;
2. 长春职业技术学院, 长春 130000

收稿日期: 2013-08-16

网络出版日期: 2014-01-27

基金资助

公益性行业（农业）科研专项（200903014）

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Effects of Dietary Fat Sources on Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestion and Metabolism of Minks (Mustelidae vison) in Late Growing Period

YANG Ying ,
ZHANG Tietao ,
YUE Zhigang ,
ZHENG Peihe ,
QU Bo ,
XING Xiumei

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1. State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130012, China;
2. Changchun Vocational Institute of Technology, Changchun 130000, China

Received date: 2013-08-16

Online published: 2014-01-27

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮脂肪源对育成期水貂生长性能和营养物质消化代谢的影响。试验选取120只70日龄、体重[公貂(1.08±0.08) kg、母貂(0.77±0.04) kg]相近、健康的水貂随机分成4组，每组30只（公母各占1/2），分别饲喂以豆油（Ⅰ组）、鸡油（Ⅱ组）、鱼油（Ⅲ组）、猪油（Ⅳ组）为脂肪源，代谢能为15.5 MJ/kg（粗脂肪含量为22%）的试验饲粮，试验期60 d。结果表明：1）饲粮脂肪源对试验结束时水貂的体重无显著影响（P>0.05）。2）公貂Ⅳ组粗蛋白质消化率显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；母貂Ⅱ组粗蛋白质消化率显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。3）公貂Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组粗脂肪消化率显著高于Ⅳ组（P<0.05）；母貂Ⅳ组粗脂肪消化率显著低于其他各组（P<0.05）。4）公貂Ⅰ组氮沉积显著低于Ⅳ组（P<0.05）；母貂Ⅰ组氮沉积显著低于其他各组（P<0.05）；母貂净蛋白质利用率、蛋白质生物学价值组间差异显著（P<0.05），公貂组间没有显著差异（P>0.05），但公貂、母貂均以Ⅳ组最高。5）公貂Ⅳ组总能、消化能、代谢能均显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组（P<0.05）；母貂Ⅰ组总能、消化能、代谢能均显著低于其他3组（P<0.05）。由以上可以得出，以鱼油为饲粮脂肪源，育成期公貂具有较高的脂肪消化率；以鸡油为饲粮脂肪源，母貂的营养物质消化率较高；育成期水貂鱼油脂肪消化率虽较高，但猪油可以提高净蛋白质利用率及氮沉积；综合考虑饲料成本和营养物质消化与利用，建议在实际生产中应用鱼油和猪油的混合油脂作为育成期水貂饲粮的脂肪源。

关键词： 育成期; 水貂; 脂肪源; 脂肪酸; 生长性能; 消化代谢; 代谢能

本文引用格式

杨颖 , 张铁涛 , 岳志刚 , 郑培和 , 曲勃 , 邢秀梅 . 饲粮脂肪源对育成期水貂生长性能和营养物质消化代谢的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(2) : 380 -388 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.02.013

Abstract

This study was conducted to study the effects of dietary fat sources on growth performance, nutrient digestion and metabolism of minks (Mustelidae vison) in late growing period. One hundred and twenty healthy minks aged 70 days with similar body weight [♂(1.08±0.08) kg, ♀ (0.77±0.04) kg] were selected and randomly assigned to four groups with 30 minks (half male and half female) in each group. Minks were fed experimental diets with fat sources of soybean oil (group Ⅰ), chicken oil (group Ⅱ), fish oil (group Ⅲ) and lard (group Ⅳ), respectively, and the metabolizable energy was 15.5 MJ/kg. [the ether extract (EE) content was 22%] The experiment lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows: 1) dietary fat sources had no significant effects on body weight of minks at the end of the experiment (P>0.05). 2) Crude protein (CP) digestibility of male minks in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05); CP digestibility of female minks in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05). 3) EE digestibility of male minks in groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅳ (P<0.05); EE digestibility of female minks in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05). 4) Retained nitrogen of male minks in group Ⅰ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅳ (P<0.05); retained nitrogen of female minks in group Ⅰ was significantly lower than that in the other groups (P<0.05); there were significant differences in net protein utilization and biological value of protein of female minks among different groups (P<0.05), but no significant differences were observed in those of male minks (P>0.05), and the highest values all presented in group Ⅳ. 5) Gross energy, digestible energy and metabolizable energy of male minks in group Ⅳ were significantly higher than those in groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P<0.05); gross energy, degistaile energy and metabolizable energy of female minks in group Ⅰ were significantly lower than those in the other groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, male minks in late growing period have higher fat digestibility when using fish oil was as their dietary fat source; female minks in late growing period have higher nutrient digestibility when using chicken oil was as their dietary fat source; although minks has higher fat digestibility of fish oil, lard can increase net protein utilization rate and retained nitrogen; considering feed cost and nutrient digestion and utilization, it is suggested to use a mixture of fish oil and lard as dietary fat source in husbandry.

Key words： late growing period; minks; fat source; fatty acid; growth performance; digestion and metabolism; metabolizable energy

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