动物营养学报 >

2014 , Vol. 26 >Issue 3: 683 - 693

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.03.018

水产营养 Aquaculture Nutrition

普通棉籽粕和发酵棉籽粕替代鱼粉对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹生长性能、体成分及肝胰腺消化酶活性的影响

  • 杨霞 ,
  • 叶金云 ,
  • 张易祥 ,
  • 吴成龙 ,
  • 刘沛 ,
  • 王伟
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  • 1. 湖州师范学院生命科学学院, 浙江省水生生物资源养护与开发技术研究重点实验室, 湖州 313000;
    2. 大连海洋大学, 大连 116023;
    3. 温州医科大学, 温州 325000

收稿日期: 2013-09-18

  网络出版日期: 2014-03-04

基金资助

公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201003020）；浙江省淡水养殖重点科技创新团队项目（2010R50026-2）；湖州市科技计划项目（2011YN03）

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Effects of Fish Meal Replacement by Common Cottonseed Meal and Fermented Cottonseed Meal on Growth Performance, Body Composition and Hepatopancreas Digestive Enzyme Activities of Juvenile Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis)

  • YANG Xia ,
  • YE Jinyun ,
  • ZHANG Yixiang ,
  • WU Chenglong ,
  • LIU Pei ,
  • WANG Wei
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  • 1. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou Normal University, Huzhou 313000, China;
    2. Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China;
    3. Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China

Received date: 2013-09-18

  Online published: 2014-03-04

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摘要

本试验旨在研究普通棉籽粕（CSM）和发酵棉籽粕（FCSM）替代鱼粉对中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）幼蟹生长性能、体成分和肝胰腺消化酶活性的影响。选用初始均重为（0.56±0.04）g的中华绒螯蟹幼蟹660只，随机分成11组，每组3个重复，每个重复20只。配制CSM添加量分别为0、8.0%、16.0%、24.0%、32.0%、40.0%（分别记为CSM0、CSM8、CSM16、CSM24、CSM32、CSM40组）和FCSM添加量分别为8.0%、16.0%、24.0%、32.0%、47.5%（分别记为FCSM8、FCSM16、FCSM24、FCSM32、FCSM47.5组）的11种等氮（粗蛋白质，38.39%）等能（总能，19.18 MJ/kg）试验饲料。试验期为6周。结果表明：CSM8、CSM16、FCSM8、FCSM16、FCSM24组的增重率、特定生长率、成活率与对照组（CSM0组）差异不显著（P>0.05）。CSM8、FCSM8、FCSM16、FCSM24组的全蟹粗蛋白质含量与对照组亦无显著差异（P>0.05）。饲料中CSM添加量超过16%或FCSM添加量超过24%时，增重率、特定生长率、成活率和全蟹粗蛋白质含量显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。不同水平的CSM和FCSM替代鱼粉对全蟹水分、粗脂肪、粗灰分含量以及肝胰腺脂肪酶活性的影响均不显著（P>0.05）。随着CSM或FCSM替代水平的升高，肝胰腺胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶活性逐渐下降，而淀粉酶和纤维素酶活性则逐渐升高。在相同替代水平下，FCSM组的胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶活性均不同程度地高于CSM组，而FCSM组的纤维素酶活性则显著低于CSM组（P<0.05）。由此得出，作为中华绒螯蟹幼蟹饲料中鱼粉的替代蛋白质源时，CSM的适宜添加量为16%，FCSM的适宜添加量为24%。此外，相同替代水平下FCSM的替代效果好于CSM。

关键词： 中华绒螯蟹幼蟹; 普通棉籽粕; 发酵棉籽粕; 生长性能; 体成分; 消化酶活性

本文引用格式

杨霞 , 叶金云 , 张易祥 , 吴成龙 , 刘沛 , 王伟 . 普通棉籽粕和发酵棉籽粕替代鱼粉对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹生长性能、体成分及肝胰腺消化酶活性的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(3) : 683 -693 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.03.018

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of fish meal replacement by common cottonseed meal (CSM) and fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) on growth performance, body composition and hepatopancreas digestive enzyme activities of juvenile Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). A total of 660 juvenile Chinese mitten crab with the average body weight of (0.56±0.04) g were randomly assigned to 11 groups with 3 replicates per group and 20 crab per replicate. Eleven isonitrogenous (38.39% crude protein) and isocaloric (19.18 MJ/kg gross energy) experimental diets were formulated in which CSM supplemental levels were 0, 8.0%, 16.0%, 24.0%, 32.0% and 40.0% (named as groups CSM0, CSM8, CSM16, CSM24, CSM32 and CSM40, respectively), and FCSM supplemental levels were 8.0%, 16.0%, 24.0%, 32.0% and 47.5% (named as groups FCSM8, FCSM16, FCSM24, FCSM32 and FCSM47.5, respectively), respectively. The experiment lasted for 6 weeks. The results showed as follows: compared with the control group (group CSM0), the weight gain rate, specific growth rate and survival rate of crab in groups CSM8, CSM16, FCSM8, FCSM16 and FCSM24 had no significant differences (P>0.05). The whole crab crude protein content in groups CSM8, FCSM8, FCSM16 and FCSM24 also had no significant difference compared with the control group (P>0.05). The weight gain rate, specific growth rate, survival rate and whole crab crude protein content were significantly lower than those in control group when CSM supplemental level was over 16% or FCSM supplemental level was over 24% (P<0.05). No significant differences were found among all groups in the contents of whole carb moisture, crude lipid and ash, and hepatopancreas lipase activity (P>0.05). With the increase of the replacement level of CSM or FCSM, the activities of hepatopancreas pepsin and trypsin were declined gradually, while the activities of amylase and cellulose were increased gradually. Under the same replacement level, the activities of pepsin and trypsin in groups FCSM were higher than those in groups CSM in different degrees, and the cellulase activity in groups FCSM was significantly lower than that in groups CSM (P<0.05). In conclusion, as protein sources to replace fish meal, 16% CSM or 24% FCSM is considered as the suitable supplemental level in the diet of juvenile Chinese mitten crab, and the replacement effect of FCSM is better than CMS under the same replacement level.

Key words： juvenile Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis); common cottonseed meal; fermented cottonseed meal; growth performance; body composition; digestive enzyme activities

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