投喂蚕豆饲料和去皮蚕豆饲料对草鱼生长性能、肌肉品质及血液生理生化指标的影响

毛盼; 胡毅; 郇志利; 黄云; 余建波; 肖调义

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.03.033

动物营养学报 >

2014 , Vol. 26 >Issue 3: 803 - 811

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.03.033

研究简报 Short Communications

投喂蚕豆饲料和去皮蚕豆饲料对草鱼生长性能、肌肉品质及血液生理生化指标的影响

毛盼 ,
胡毅 ,
郇志利 ,
黄云 ,
余建波 ,
肖调义

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湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院, 长沙 410128

收稿日期: 2013-09-06

网络出版日期: 2014-03-04

基金资助

国家星火计划重大专项（2011GA770007）；国家自然科学基金（31272675）

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Effects of Feeding Broad Bean and Dehulling Broad Bean Diets on Growth Performance, Muscle Quality and Blood Physiological-Biochemical Indices of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

MAO Pan ,
HU Yi ,
HUAN Zhili ,
HUANG Yun ,
YU Jianbo ,
XIAO Tiaoyi

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College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China

Received date: 2013-09-06

Online published: 2014-03-04

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摘要

本试验旨在研究投喂蚕豆饲料和去皮蚕豆饲料对草鱼生长性能、肌肉品质及血液生理生化指标的影响。试验选取初始体重为（860±40）g的草鱼450尾，随机分为3组，分别为对照组、蚕豆组和去皮蚕豆组，每组设置3个重复，每个重复放养50尾草鱼。对照饲料参考草鱼商品饲料配方配制，蚕豆饲料和去皮蚕豆饲料分别用蚕豆和去皮蚕豆部分替代对照饲料中的豆粕、菜籽粕及棉籽粕，蚕豆和去皮蚕豆的用量均为80%。试验期为20周。结果表明：与对照组相比，蚕豆组和去皮蚕豆组草鱼的增重率和饲料系数无显著变化（P>0.05），但脏体指数和肝体指数显著降低（P<0.05）；投喂蚕豆饲料和去皮蚕豆饲料显著提高了草鱼的血液红细胞和白细胞数量，血清葡萄糖、总胆固醇、尿素氮含量以及谷草转氨酶活性（P<0.05），显著降低了血清超氧化物歧化酶活性（P<0.05）；与对照组相比，蚕豆组和去皮蚕豆组草鱼的肌肉水分含量和失水率显著降低（P<0.05），粗脂肪含量显著升高（P<0.05），肌原纤维长度和肌纤维直径显著提高（P<0.05），鲜味氨基酸和必需氨基酸含量显著增加（P<0.05）。由此得出，投喂蚕豆饲料和去皮蚕豆饲料对草鱼的生长性能无负面影响，并均能改变草鱼的肌肉品质，且肌肉品质的改变与蚕豆皮没有必然联系。

关键词： 蚕豆; 去皮蚕豆; 草鱼; 生长性能; 肌肉品质; 血液生理生化指标

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毛盼 , 胡毅 , 郇志利 , 黄云 , 余建波 , 肖调义 . 投喂蚕豆饲料和去皮蚕豆饲料对草鱼生长性能、肌肉品质及血液生理生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(3) : 803 -811 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.03.033

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding broad bean (BB) and dehulling broad bean (DBB) diets on growth performance, muscle quality and blood physiological-biochemical indices of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). A total of 300 grass carp with the initial body weight of (860±40) g were randomly divided into 3 groups, which were control, BB and DBB groups, respectively. There were 3 replicates in each group and each group had 50 fish. A commercial feed formula was used as the control diet, and the BB and DBB diets were formulated with 80% BB and 80% DBB which stead of soybean meal, cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal on the control diet basis, respectively. The experiment lasted for 20 weeks. The results showed as follows: compared with the control group, the weight gain rate and feed conversation ratio in BB and DBB groups were not significantly changed (P>0.05), but the viscerosomtic index and hepatosomatic index were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Feeding BB and DBB diets significantly increased the number of red blood cells and white blood cells, the contents of serum glucose, total cholesterol and urea nitrogen and the activity of serum glutamic-oxal(o)acetic transaminase (P<0.05), but significantly reduced the activity of serum superoxide dismutase (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the muscle moisture content and water loss rate in BB and DBB groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), but the crude lipid content was significantly increased (P<0.05), the myofibril length and muscular fiber diameter were significantly raised (P<0.05), and the contents of delicious amino acids and essential amino acids were significantly increased (P<0.05). The results indicate that feeding BB and DBB diets have no negative effects on the growth performance, but all can change the muscle quality of grass carp, and there is no necessary association between the change of muscle quality and broad bean skin.

Key words： broad bean; dehulling broad bean; grass carp; growth performance; muscle quality; blood physiological-biochemical indices

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