饲粮中添加不同水平尿素对肉羊有效性和安全性的影响

王波; 姜成钢; 纪守坤; 王黎文; 丁健; 司丙文; 屠焰; 张乃锋; 刁其玉

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.05.022

动物营养学报 >

2014 , Vol. 26 >Issue 5: 1302 - 1309

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.05.022

饲料安全 Feed Security

饲粮中添加不同水平尿素对肉羊有效性和安全性的影响

王波 ,
姜成钢 ,
纪守坤 ,
王黎文 ,
丁健 ,
司丙文 ,
屠焰 ,
张乃锋 ,
刁其玉

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1. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业部饲料生物技术重点实验室, 北京 100081;
2. 全国畜牧兽医总站, 北京 100026

收稿日期: 2013-12-18

网络出版日期: 2014-05-05

基金资助

农产品质量安全专项资金；牧区饲草饲料资源开发利用技术研究与示范（20120304202）

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Effects of Different Levels of Dietary Urea on Efficacy and Security for Sheep

WANG Bo ,
JIANG Chenggang ,
JI Shoukun ,
WANG Liwen ,
DING Jian ,
SI Bingwen ,
TU Yan ,
ZHANG Naifeng ,
DIAO Qiyu

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1. Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institution, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China;
2. Station of Animal and Veterinary of China, Beijing 100026, China

Received date: 2013-12-18

Online published: 2014-05-05

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平尿素对育肥期肉羊生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响，从而评定尿素使用的有效性和安全添加水平。选取杜寒杂交公羊64只，平均体重为（30.77±0.02） kg，随机分成4组，分别在基础饲粮中添加0（对照组）、0.5%（0.5%组）、1.5%（1.5%组）、2.5%（2.5%组）尿素，每组8个重复，每个重复2只。预试期21 d，正试期42 d。试验结束后进行屠宰试验，测定试验羊只的屠宰性能、内脏器官指数及肉品质。结果表明：2.5%组日总采食量、日精料采食量和日粗料采食量显著低于0.5%组（P<0.05），其余各组间差异不显著（P>0.05）；2.5%组平均日增重显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；各试验组与对照组相比，料重比均无显著差异（P>0.05）；各组的宰前活重、空体重、胴体重及屠宰率均差异不显著（P>0.05）；各组的心脏、肝、脾、肺、肾指数均差异不显著（P>0.05）；2.5%组pH显著高于对照组（P<0.05），0.5%组剪切力显著低于对照组（P<0.05），各试验组的滴水损失、肉色和熟肉率与对照组相比均差异不显著（P>0.05）。由此得出，肉羊饲粮中尿素的添加水平达到1.5%时，对肉羊生长性能和肉品质不产生明显的影响，为有效安全水平；当尿素添加水平达到2.5%时，肉羊的采食量下降，并显著降低日增重，降低肉色红度值，显著增高羊肉pH，不利于肉羊生产。

关键词： 肉羊; 尿素; 生长性能; 肉品质; 安全性

本文引用格式

王波 , 姜成钢 , 纪守坤 , 王黎文 , 丁健 , 司丙文 , 屠焰 , 张乃锋 , 刁其玉 . 饲粮中添加不同水平尿素对肉羊有效性和安全性的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(5) : 1302 -1309 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.05.022

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of dietary urea on the growth performance, slaughter performance and meat quality of fattening sheep, and to assess the efficacy and safe supplementation level of urea. Sixty-four Dorper×thin-tailed Han crossbred male lambs with an average body weight of (30.77±0.02) kg were randomly divided into four groups, and each group was offered one of the following diets: a basal diet (control group) or the basal diet supplemented with 0.5% (0.5% group), 1.5% (1.5% group) and 2.5% (2.5% group) urea, respectively. Each group contained eight replicates and each replicate included two lambs. The adaptation period was 21 d, and experimental period was 42 d. All lambs were slaughtered at the end of the experiment and slaughter performance, organ index and meat quality were determined. The results showed that the daily total feed intake, daily concentrate feed intake and daily roughage feed intake in 2.5% group were significantly lower than those in 0.5% group (P<0.05), and the differences among other groups were not significant (P>0.05); the average daily gain in 2.5% group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05); no significant difference in feed/gain was found between control group and experimental groups; the live weight, empty body weight, carcass weight and dressing percentage were not remarkably different among groups (P>0.05); the indexes of heart, live, spleen, lungs and kidneys were also not remarkably different among groups (P>0.05); the pH in 2.5% group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), and the share force in 0.5% group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05); no significant differences were found in the drop loss, meat color and cooking rate among all groups (P>0.05). In conclusion, a supplemental level of 1.5% urea does not affect growth performance and meat quality, and this level is effective and safe for sheep; while 2.5% urea hampers the feed intake, daily gain of sheep and the redness value of meat, and also exacerbates the pH of meat, therefor, this level is harmful to sheep production.

Key words： sheep; urea; growth performance; meat quality; security

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