综述 Review

黄曲霉毒素对家禽的危害与脱毒技术

  • 谢庆 ,
  • 常文环 ,
  • 刘国华 ,
  • 蔡辉益 ,
  • 王金全 ,
  • 吕春生
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  • 1. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室, 北京 100081;
    2. 东北农业大学动物科学技术学院, 哈尔滨 150030

收稿日期: 2014-06-10

  网络出版日期: 2014-12-05

基金资助

霉菌毒素吸附剂产品有效性评价试验及技术规程制定(2130109-2-2-000);生态环保饲料生产关键技术研发与集成示范(2011BAD26B03)

The Hazard of Aflatoxins on Poultry and Its Detoxification

  • XIE Qing ,
  • CHANG Wenhuan ,
  • LIU Guohua ,
  • CAI Huiyi ,
  • WANG Jinquan ,
  • LYU Chunsheng
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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
    2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, China

Received date: 2014-06-10

  Online published: 2014-12-05

摘要

黄曲霉毒素是由某些曲霉真菌产生的次级代谢产物,具有较强的致畸、致癌、致突变作用.其中黄曲霉毒素B1的毒性最强,能严重损害动物机体的消化机能和免疫系统,导致动物饲料转化率等生产性能降低,并能够在肝脏、肾脏、肌肉等组织中蓄积,严重危害动物健康以及人类的食品安全.黄曲霉毒素中毒常见于幼龄的鸡、鸭和火鸡,特别是以2~6周龄的雏鸡和雏鸭敏感性最高.目前黄曲霉毒素脱毒技术主要有物理脱毒法、化学脱毒法、吸附剂法和生物脱毒法.本文阐述了黄曲霉毒素对家禽的危害,分析了各种脱毒技术的脱毒原理与研究现状,并对其应用前景进行了展望.

本文引用格式

谢庆 , 常文环 , 刘国华 , 蔡辉益 , 王金全 , 吕春生 . 黄曲霉毒素对家禽的危害与脱毒技术[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(12) : 3572 -3578 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.12.004

Abstract

Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites from some aspergillus with strong teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic functions. One of those, aflatoxin B1 is the most toxic, which may result in injury to digestive function, immunologic suppression, reduction of growth performance, such as feed utilization, accumulate in tissues (such as liver, kidney and muscle), and also potential risk to animal's health and food safety. Aflatoxicosis usually occurs in infant chicks, ducklings and turkeys. Especially, the chicks and ducklings at 2 to 6 weeks of age are extremely sensitive to AFB1. The detoxification methods of aflatoxins are mainly physical, chemical, adsorbent, and biological methods at present. The hazards of aflatoxins on poultry, the detoxification theory and research situation of detoxification technology as well as the application prospect were summarized in this paper.

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