凡纳滨对虾幼虾的蛋氨酸需要量

霍雅文; 曾雯娉; 金敏; 黎明; 谢奉军; 周歧存

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.12.021

动物营养学报 >

2014 , Vol. 26 >Issue 12: 3707 - 3716

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.12.021

水产营养 Aquaculture Nutrition

凡纳滨对虾幼虾的蛋氨酸需要量

霍雅文 ,
曾雯娉 ,
金敏 ,
黎明 ,
谢奉军 ,
周歧存

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宁波大学海洋学院鱼类营养研究室, 宁波 315211

收稿日期: 2014-06-19

网络出版日期: 2014-12-05

基金资助

国家公益性(农业)行业专项(201003020);宁波市农业攻关项目(2011C1006)

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Methionine Requirement of Juvenile Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

HUO Yawen ,
ZENG Wenping ,
JIN Min ,
LI Ming ,
XIE Fengjun ,
ZHOU Qicun

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Laboratory of Fish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China

Received date: 2014-06-19

Online published: 2014-12-05

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摘要

为评估饲料中不同蛋氨酸含量对凡纳滨对虾幼虾生长性能、营养成分、血液指标、氨基酸代谢酶活力以及抗氧化能力的影响,进而确定凡纳滨对虾幼虾的蛋氨酸需要量,试验设计6种等氮等脂的试验饲料(含粗蛋白质41.0%,粗脂肪7.5%),饲料中蛋氨酸的添加水平分别为0、0.15%、0.30%、0.45%、0.60%和0.75%,实测蛋氨酸含量分别为0.59%、0.69%、0.86%、0.99%、1.10%和1.25%.试验选取初始体重为0.34 g左右的凡纳滨对虾幼虾720尾,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复40尾,进行为期8周的养殖试验.结果表明:随着饲料中蛋氨酸含量的增加,凡纳滨对虾幼虾的增重率、特定生长率、饲料效率以及蛋白质效率先升高后降低,均在0.86%组达到最高,并显著高于1.25%组(P<0.05).凡纳滨对虾幼虾的成活率、蛋白质沉积率不受饲料中蛋氨酸含量的影响(P>0.05).各组间全虾营养成分以及肌肉水分、粗蛋白质、粗灰分含量无显著差异(P>0.05),但肌肉粗脂肪含量表现为0.86%和0.99%组显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),并与特定生长率呈正相关关系.0.86%组血清中总蛋白含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),而血清中尿素氮、总胆固醇和甘油三酯含量不受饲料中蛋氨酸含量的显著影响(P>0.05).饲料中蛋氨酸含量对血清中天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶和超氧化物歧化酶活力产生了显著影响(P<0.05),而对精氨酸酶活力未产生显著影响(P>0.05).以特定生长率为指标,通过二次回归模型得出凡纳滨对虾幼虾的蛋氨酸需要量为0.89%(占饲料蛋白质的2.16%).

关键词： 凡纳滨对虾; 蛋氨酸; 需求量; 氨基酸代谢酶

本文引用格式

霍雅文 , 曾雯娉 , 金敏 , 黎明 , 谢奉军 , 周歧存 . 凡纳滨对虾幼虾的蛋氨酸需要量[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(12) : 3707 -3716 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.12.021

Abstract

In this experiment, six isonitrogenous and isolipidic practical diets (contained 41.0% crude protein and 7.5% crude lipid) were formulated with dietary methionine supplemental levels of 0, 0.15%, 0.30%, 0.45% and 0.60%, and the measured values of dietary methionine contents were 0.59%, 0.69%, 0.86%, 0.99%, 1.10% and 1.25%, respectively, in order to evaluate the effects of dietary methionine content on growth performance, nutritional components, blood indices, amino acid metabolic enzyme activities and antioxidant capacity of juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), and to determine the methionine requirement of juvenile Pacific white shrimp. A total of 720 juvenile Pacific white shrimp with an average initial body weight about 0.34 g were randomly allocated to 6 groups with 3 replicates per group and 40 shrimp per replicate. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. The results showed as follows: with the dietary methionine content increasing, the weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency (FE) and protein efficiency rate (PER) were firstly increased and then decreased, and those indices in 8% group were the highest and significantly higher than those in 1.25% group (P<0.05). The survival ratio (SR) and protein productive value (PPV) were not significantly affected by dietary methionine content (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the whole body nutritional components and the contents of muscle moisture, crude protein and ash among all groups (P>0.05), but the muscle ethyl ether content was significantly affected by dietary methionine content (P<0.05), which manifested as 0.86% and 0.99% was significantly higher than other groups (P<0.05) and exhibited a positive correlation with SGR. The serum total protein (TP) content in 86% group was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05), but the contents of urea nitrogen (UN), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in serum were not significantly affected by dietary methionine content (P>0.05). The activities of aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum were significantly affected by dietary methionine content (P<0.05), but serum arginase (ARG) activity was not significantly affected by dietary methionine content (P>0.05). Base on the quadratic regression model of SGR and dietary methionine content, the methionine requirement of juvenile Pacific white shrimp is 0.89% of diet (2.16% of dietary protein).

Key words： Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei); methionine; requirement; amino acid metabolic enzyme

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