本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平蚕沙对14~70日龄仔鹅生长性能、体尺性状、屠宰性能和脏器指数的影响,以确定仔鹅饲粮中蚕沙的适宜添加水平.选取330只11日龄健康、体重相近的扬州鹅公鹅,随机分为5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复11只鹅.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂添加3%、6%、9%、12%蚕沙的试验饲粮.试验期56 d.结果表明:1)与其他试验组相比,饲粮中添加9%和12%蚕沙显著降低了28、35、42、49、56、63和70日龄仔鹅体重(P<0.05),显著降低14~28日龄、29~70日龄和14~70日龄仔鹅平均日增重(P<0.05),显著提高了料重比(P<0.05).2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加9%和12%蚕沙显著降低了胫围、胸宽、胸深、体斜长和半潜水长(P<0.05).3)饲粮添加蚕沙仅对仔鹅胸肌率有显著影响(P<0.05).4)饲粮添加蚕沙显著影响了仔鹅十二指肠指数、空肠指数、回肠指数、盲肠指数和直肠指数(P<0.05).由此可知,饲粮添加3%~6%蚕沙对仔鹅生长性能、体尺性状、屠宰性能、脏器指数没有不良影响,且对肠道的生长发育有一定的促进作用.在生产实践中仔鹅饲粮中蚕沙的添加水平不宜超过6%.

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary different silkworm excrement supplemental levels on growth performance, body measurements, slaughter performance and viscera indices of geese at the age of 14 to 70 days, and to explored the dietary optimal silkworm excrement supplemental level for geese. Three hundred and thirty 11-day-old healthy male Yangzhou geese with similar body weight were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 11 geese per replicate. Geese in the control group were fed a basal diet, and the other geese in the experimental groups were fed experimental diets supplemented with 3%, 6%, 9% and 12% silkworm excrement, respectively. The experiment lasted for 56 days. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the other experimental groups, dietary supplemented with 9% and 12% silkworm excrement significantly decreased the body weight of geese at the age of 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63 and 70 days (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the average daily gain of geese at the age of 14 to 28 days, 29 to 70 days and 14 to 70 days (P<0.05), but significantly increased the ratio of feed to gain (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, dietary supplemented with 9% and 12% silkworm excrement significantly decreased the shank circumference, breast width, breast depth, body length and half-diving depth (P<0.05). 3) Dietary supplemented with silkworm excrement only had significant effect on the percentage of breast muscle of geese (P<0.05). 4) Dietary supplemented with silkworm excrement had significant effect the duodenum index, jejunum index, ileum index, cecum index and rectum index (P<0.05). It is concluded that dietary supplemented with 3% to 6% silkworm excrement has no negative effect on growth performance, body measurements, slaughter performance and viscera indices of geese, while it can improve the intestinal growth and development of geese. So the dietary optimal silkworm excrement level is less than 6% in the production practice of geese.