饲料安全 Feed Security

黄曲霉毒素与吸附剂对肉鸭生长性能和免疫指标的影响

  • 谢庆 ,
  • 孙满吉 ,
  • 常文环 ,
  • 刘志云 ,
  • 马建爽 ,
  • 刘国华 ,
  • 蔡辉益 ,
  • 王金全 ,
  • 吕春生
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  • 1. 东北农业大学动物科学技术学院, 哈尔滨 150030;
    2. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室, 北京 100081

收稿日期: 2014-08-20

  网络出版日期: 2015-01-10

基金资助

霉菌毒素吸附剂产品有效性评价试验及技术规程制定(2130109-2-2-000);生态环保饲料生产关键技术研发与集成示范(2011BAD26B03)

Effects of Aflatoxins and Absorbents on Growth Performance and Immune Indices of Meat Ducks

  • XIE Qing ,
  • SUN Manji ,
  • CHANG Wenhuan ,
  • LIU Zhiyun ,
  • MA Jianshuang ,
  • LIU Guohua ,
  • CAI Huiyi ,
  • WANG Jinquan ,
  • LYU Chunsheng
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2014-08-20

  Online published: 2015-01-10

摘要

本试验旨在研究黄曲霉毒素与吸附剂对肉鸭生长性能和免疫指标的影响,以评价蒙脱石与酵母细胞壁吸附剂的作用效果。选用1日龄樱桃谷肉公鸭360只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只。负对照组饲喂基础饲粮,正对照组饲粮用黄曲霉毒素含量为1 337.21 μg/kg的霉变棉籽粕替代正常棉籽粕,试验组分别在正对照组饲粮中添加2.0 g/kg的蒙脱石吸附剂或酵母细胞壁吸附剂,棉籽粕添加比例均为8%。试验期35 d。结果表明:1)与负对照组相比,黄曲霉毒素显著降低了肉鸭平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)、35日龄胸肌率和瘦肉率、14和35日龄血清蛋白和免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量(P<0.05),显著提高了35日龄料重比和免疫器官指数(P<0.05)。2)与正对照组相比,蒙脱石组和酵母细胞壁组显著提高了ADG、ADFI及血清蛋白和IgG、IgM含量(P<0.05),显著降低了免疫器官指数(P<0.05)。3)与酵母细胞壁组相比,蒙脱石组显著提高了ADG及血清蛋白和IgG、IgM含量(P<0.05),显著降低了免疫器官指数(P<0.05)。由此可见,黄曲霉毒素降低了肉鸭的生长性能和免疫功能,饲粮添加吸附剂能缓解黄曲霉毒素的不良影响,蒙脱石吸附剂作用效果更佳。

本文引用格式

谢庆 , 孙满吉 , 常文环 , 刘志云 , 马建爽 , 刘国华 , 蔡辉益 , 王金全 , 吕春生 . 黄曲霉毒素与吸附剂对肉鸭生长性能和免疫指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2015 , 27(1) : 204 -211 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.01.025

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of aflatoxins and absorbents on growth performance and immune indices of meat ducks, and to evaluate the efficacy of montmorillonite (PCM) and yeast cell wall (PCY). A total of 360 one-day-old Cherry Valley male ducks were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 15 ducks per replicate. The four diets formulated included a basal diet (negative control group), a contaminated diet (positive control group) and two contaminated diets supplemented with 2 g/kg PCM or PCY. Of those, the contaminated diet was formulated by replacing common cottonseed meal with 8% naturally moldy one (aflatoxins content 1 337.21 μg/kg) on the equal nutrient level basis. The experiment lasted for 35 days. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the negative control group, aflatoxins significantly decreased average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), percentage of breast muscle and percentage of lean meat at 35 days of age, the contents of serum protein, immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) at 14 and 35 days of age (P<0.05), but significantly increased the ratio of feed to gain and immunity organ index at 35 days of age (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the positive control group, the ADG, ADFI and the contents of serum protein, IgG and IgM in PCM and PCY groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), but the immunity organ index was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the PCY group, the ADG and the contents of serum protein, IgG and IgM in PCM group were significantly increased (P<0.05), but the immunity organ index was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In conclusion, aflatoxins can decrease the growth performance and immune function of meat ducks, dietary adding absorbents can ameliorate the negative effect of aflatoxins, and the PCM absorbent get the better effect.

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