本试验旨在研究饲粮能量和蛋白质水平对莱芜黑山羊泌乳母羊(1~60泌乳日龄)营养物质消化、泌乳量和血清生化指标及其产出羔羊增重的影响。饲粮能量和蛋白质水平设计参考《肉羊饲养标准》(NY/T 816—2004)。1~30泌乳日龄:消化能12.78 MJ/kg,粗蛋白质15.00%;31~60泌乳日龄:消化能13.00 MJ/kg,粗蛋白质17.00%。高、低水平分别设计为标准推荐量的120%、100%。将40只分娩后的莱芜黑山羊母羊平均分为4组,各组分别饲喂高蛋白质、高能(A组),低蛋白质、高能(B组),高蛋白质、低能(C组),低蛋白质、低能(D组)饲粮。结果表明:1)A组的羔羊平均日增重显著高于其他3组(P<0.05),D组母羊体重呈负增长现象,但变化幅度较小。1~30日龄羔羊增重速度高于31~60日龄,羔羊平均日增重以C组在1~30日龄和A组在31~60日龄最高。2)整个泌乳期A、C组的母羊泌乳总量显著高于B、D组(P<0.05),各组泌乳量峰值均出现在30泌乳日龄,随后逐渐降低。3)饲粮蛋白质水平影响母羊的泌乳量及羔羊的平均日增重,饲粮能量水平的影响不如蛋白质明显。4)母羊粗蛋白质采食量、泌乳量及羔羊平均日增重具有相似的变化趋势,有一定相关性。总之,1~30泌乳日龄母羊饲粮消化能、粗蛋白质、干物质适宜水平分别为1.145 MJ/(kg W^0.75·d)、17.67 g/(kg W^0.75·d)、 93.73 g/(kg W^0.75·d),31~60泌乳日龄分别为1.139 MJ/(kg W^0.75·d)、19.65 g/(kg W^0.75·d)、 90.14 g/(kg W^0.75·d)。

This trial was conducted to determine the effects of dietary energy and protein levels on nutrient digestion, milk yield and serum biochemical parameters of lactating ewes (1 to 60 days in lactation) and weight gain of their lambs of Laiwu black goats. The levels of energy and protein in diets were formulated according to Feeding Standard of Meat-Producing Sheep and Goats (NY/T 816—2004). Digestive energy and crude protein levels were 12.78 MJ/kg and 15.00% at 1 to 30 days in lactation, respectively, and were 13.00 MJ/kg and 17.00% at 31 to 60 days in lactation, respectively. The high and low levels were 120% and 100% of the standards. Forty parturient ewes of Laiwu black goats were allocated to 4 groups, and ewes in different groups were fed diets with high protein-high energy (group A), low protein-high energy (group B), high protein-low energy (group C), and low protein-low energy (group D), respectively. The results showed as follows: 1) average daily gain of lambs in group A was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05), and weight loss of ewes appeared in group D with a narrow range. Weight gain speed of lambs at 1 to 30 days of age was higher than that at 31 to 60 days of age. Group C had the highest average daily gain of lambs at 1 to 30 days of age, and group A had the highest value at 31 to 60 days of age. 2) During the whole lactating period, total milk yield of ewes in groups A and C was significantly higher than that in groups B and D (P<0.05), lactating peak appeared at 30 days in lactation and then reduced gradually. 3) Both milk yield of ewes and average daily gain of lambs were affected by dietary protein level, while the effects of dietary energy level was not as obvious as that of dietary protein level. 4)Crude protein intake and milk production of ewes, and average daily gain of lambs had similar changing tends, and there might be some correlation among them. In conclusion, the appropriate dietary levels of digestive energy, crude protein and dry matter are 1.145 MJ/(kg W^0.75·d), 17.67 g/(kg W^0.75·d) and 93.73 g/(kg W^0.75·d) at 1 to 30 days in lactation, and are 1.139 MJ/(kg W^0.75·d), 19.65 g/(kg W^0.75·d) and 90.14 g/(kg W^0.75·d) at 31 to 60 days in lactation.