本试验旨在研究菜籽粕对7~9周龄浙东白鹅生长性能、养分利用率及血清生化指标的影响.试验选用160只7周龄浙东白鹅,随机分为4个组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只鹅.对照组(Y0组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组(Y1、Y2、Y3组)分别饲喂以4%、7%、10%的菜籽粕代替基础饲粮中豆粕的试验饲粮.试验期为21 d.结果表明:1)试验组鹅平均日增重较对照组呈下降趋势,但各组间差异不显著(P>0.05).Y1、Y2、Y3组鹅平均日采食量均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01).各组鹅料重比差异不显著(P>0.05).2)Y2组总能、粗蛋白质、粗纤维和磷利用率均达到最大,均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),粗脂肪利用率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),钙利用率与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05).3)Y2组甘氨酸利用率极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),Y1组色氨酸、甘氨酸、精氨酸、亮氨酸利用率显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)低于对照组,Y3组甘氨酸利用率极显著高于对照组(P<0.01).4)各组血清总蛋白、葡萄糖、总胆固醇、三碘甲状腺激素和甲状腺素含量的差异不显著(P>0.05),Y3组血清甘油三酯含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),试验组血清谷丙转氨酶活性极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),Y1、Y2组血清谷草转氨酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05).由此可见,饲粮中用7%~10%的菜籽粕代替部分豆粕能够提高7~9周龄浙东白鹅大部分养分利用率,有利于提高养鹅的经济效益.

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of rapeseed meal on growth performance, nutrient utilization and serum biochemical indexes of Zhedong white geese aged from 7 to 9 weeks. A total of 160 seven-week-old Zhedong white geese were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 10 geese per replicate. Geese in the control group (group Y0) were fed a basal diet, and the others in the experimental groups (group Y1, Y2 and Y3) were fed experimental diets which used 4%, 7% and 10% rapeseed meal replaced soybean meal in the basal diet. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the control group, the average daily gain of geese in experimental groups showed a decreased tendency, but there were no significant differences among all groups (P>0.05). The average daily feed intake of geese in groups Y1, Y2 and Y3 was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the ratio of feed to gain among all groups (P>0.05). 2)The utilization of energy, crude protein, crude fiber and phosphorus were the highest in group Y2, and significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01), also the crude fat utilization was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), however, the calcium utilization had no significant difference compared with the control group (P>0.05). 3) The glycine utilization in group Y2 was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01), the utilization of tryptophan, glycine, arginine and leucine was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the glycine utilization in group Y3 was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01). 4) There were no significant differences in the contents of total protein, glucose, total cholesterol, triiodothyronine, thyroxine of serum among all groups (P>0.05). The serum glycerin trilaurate content in group Y3 was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05), the serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity in experimental groups was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.01), and the serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase activity in groups Y1 and Y2 was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). It is concluded that 7% to 10% rapeseed meal replaced soybean meal in the basal diet can improve mostly nutrient utilization, and can improve the economic benefits of geese industry.