锌对1~4周龄鹅生长性能、免疫与抗氧化功能及金属硫蛋白-Ⅰ mRNA表达量的影响

王宝维, 陈苗璐, 王秉翰, 张名爱, 葛文华, 岳斌

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.04.011

动物营养学报 >

2015 , Vol. 27 >Issue 4: 1076 - 1085

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.04.011

禽营养 Poultry Nutrition

锌对1~4周龄鹅生长性能、免疫与抗氧化功能及金属硫蛋白-Ⅰ mRNA表达量的影响

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1. 国家水禽产业技术体系营养与饲料研究室, 青岛 266109;
2. 青岛农业大学优质水禽研究所, 青岛 266109;
3. 林肯大学, 克莱斯特彻奇 85084, 新西兰

王宝维(1959-),男,山东荣成人,教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为家禽营养与保健。E-mail:wangbw@qau.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2014-10-29

网络出版日期: 2015-04-21

基金资助

国家水禽产业技术体系专项基金(CARS-43-11)

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Effects of Dietary Zinc Level on Growth Performance, Immune and Antioxidant Capacity and Metallothionein-Ⅰ mRNA Expression of Geese Aged from 1 to 4 Weeks

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1. Nutrition and Feed Research Laboratory of National Waterfowl Industry Technology System, Qingdao 266109, China;
2. Institute of High Quality Waterfowl, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China;
3. Lincoln University, Christchurch 85084, New Zealand

Received date: 2014-10-29

Online published: 2015-04-21

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摘要

本试验旨在研究锌对1~4周龄鹅生长性能、免疫与抗氧化功能及金属硫蛋白-Ⅰ(MT-Ⅰ)mRNA表达量的影响,以确定鹅饲粮中锌的适宜需要量。试验选用1日龄青农灰鹅360只,随机分为6个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只。各组(Ⅰ~Ⅵ组)饲粮锌水平分别为31.28、81.28、131.28、181.28、231.28、281.28 mg/kg(含基础饲粮中锌含量)。试验期28 d。结果表明:1)饲粮锌水平为112.51 mg/kg时平均日增重最大,饲粮锌水平为106.05 mg/kg时料重比最低。2)器官指数均随饲粮锌水平的升高呈现先升高后降低趋势,Ⅱ组胸腺指数极显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.01),Ⅱ、Ⅲ组脾脏指数极显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.01)。3)免疫后7 d,Ⅳ组抗体效价显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);免疫后14 d,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组抗体效价显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。4)除Ⅳ组肝脏总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)外,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清和肝脏T-AOC及过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(CuZn-SOD)活性显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05或P<0.01);Ⅲ组丙二醛(MDA)含量最低。5)Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组肝脏中MT-Ⅰ mRNA表达量显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。6)机体MT-Ⅰ mRNA表达量与抗氧化能力指标密切相关。由此可见,饲粮适宜锌水平能够提高鹅生长性能、免疫与抗氧化功能和MT-Ⅰ mRNA的表达量。高位免疫与抗氧化力状态下,锌的需要量要比最佳生长性能状态下锌的需要量高。

关键词： 锌; 鹅; 生长性能; 免疫; 抗氧化; 金属硫蛋白-Ⅰ

本文引用格式

王宝维, 陈苗璐, 王秉翰, 张名爱, 葛文华, 岳斌 . 锌对1~4周龄鹅生长性能、免疫与抗氧化功能及金属硫蛋白-Ⅰ mRNA表达量的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2015 , 27(4) : 1076 -1085 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.04.011

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary zinc level on growth performance, immune and antioxidant capacity and metallothionein-Ⅰ (MT-Ⅰ) mRNA expression of geese aged from 1 to 4 weeks, and to determine the optimal dietary level of zinc. A total of 360 one-day-old Qingnonghui geese were randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 geese (half male and half female) per replicate. The dietary zinc levels in each group were 31.28 (group Ⅰ), 81.28 (group Ⅱ), 131.28 (group Ⅲ), 181.28 (group Ⅳ), 231.28 (group Ⅴ) and 281.28 (group Ⅵ) mg/kg, respectively. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows: 1) when dietary zinc level was 112.51 mg/kg, the average daily gain was the highest; while when dietary zinc level was 106.05 mg/kg, the ratio of feed to gain was the lowest. 2) With the increasing of dietary zinc level, the organ indices firstly increased, and then followed by a downward trend, the thymus index in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.01), the spleen index in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.01). 3) At 7 days after the immunization, the antibody titer in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05); at 14 days after the immunization, the antibody titer in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05). 4) Except the liver total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in group Ⅳ, the T-AOC and the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), copper zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the malonaldehyde (MDA) content in group Ⅲ was the lowest. 5) The liver MT-Ⅰ mRNA expression in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 6) The MT-Ⅰ mRNA expression was significantly correlated with body antioxidant capacity. In conclusion, dietary appropriate zinc level can improve the growth performance and immune and antioxidant capacity and MT-Ⅰ mRNA expression of geese. The requirement of zinc under the condition of high immunity and antioxidant capacity is higher than that under the condition of optimum growth performance.

Key words： zinc; geese; growth performance; immune; antioxidant; MT-Ⅰ

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