水产营养 Aquaculture Nutrition

饲料中氧化鱼油对草鱼生长及肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响

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  • 1. 苏州大学基础医学与生物科学学院, 江苏省水产动物营养重点实验室, 苏州 215123;
    2. 北京市营养源研究所, 水产动物系统营养研究开放实验室, 北京 100000
陈科全(1990—),男,浙江诸暨人,硕士研究生,从事水产动物营养与饲料研究。E-mail: 326088246@qq.com

收稿日期: 2014-12-26

  网络出版日期: 2015-06-17

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(31172417);苏州市应用基础研究项目(SYN201316)

Effects of Dietary Oxidizes Fish Oil on Growth and Muscle Fatty Acid Composition of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

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  • 1. Key Laboratory Of Aquatic Animal Nutrition in Jiangsu Province, Preclinical Medicine and Biological Science College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China;
    2. Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition Research System, Beijing Research Institute for Nutritional resources, Beijing 100000, China

Received date: 2014-12-26

  Online published: 2015-06-17

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲料中氧化鱼油对草鱼生长及肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响。以豆油、鱼油及氧化鱼油作为饲料脂肪源,分别设计含6%豆油(6S组)、6%鱼油(6F组)、2%氧化鱼油+4%豆油(2OF组)、4%氧化鱼油+2%豆油(4OF组)、6%氧化鱼油(6OF组)的5种等氮等能的半纯化饲料。选取平均体重为(74.82±1.49) g的草鱼350尾,随机分为5组,每组设3个重复,每个重复20尾,试验期为72 d。结果表明:与6S组比较,6F、2OF、4OF及6OF组草鱼的特定生长率(SGR)下降了5.81%~11.50%,饲料系数(FCR)增加了8.64%~17.28%,差异显著(P<0.05)。饲料中多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量与草鱼的SGR呈正相关关系(幂函数),而饲料中酸价(AV)、过氧化值(POV)及丙二醛(MDA)含量与草鱼的SGR呈负相关关系(幂函数),与FCR呈正相关关系(幂函数),即饲料中少量的AV、POV及MDA会使草鱼生长速度下降,并降低草鱼对蛋白质的利用率及肌肉中PUFA的含量,干扰脂肪的代谢;随着饲料中AV、POV及MDA含量的进一步增加,对草鱼生长速度、饲料效率的影响处于高位稳定。结果提示,鱼油在提供饲料不饱和脂肪酸的同时,其氧化产物对草鱼生长的副作用也显著显现,保持饲料中适宜的不饱和脂肪酸含量、控制鱼油的氧化酸败是提高草鱼饲料油脂效率的关键。

本文引用格式

陈科全, 叶元土, 蔡春芳, 黄雨薇, 吴韬, 林秀秀, 罗其刚, 张宝彤, 萧培珍 . 饲料中氧化鱼油对草鱼生长及肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2015 , 27(6) : 1698 -1708 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.06.006

Abstract

A 72-day experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary oxidized fish oil on growth and muscle fatty acid composition of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). Soybean oil, fish oil and oxidized fish oil as lipid sources, five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic semi-purified diets were formulated with 6% soybean oil (6S group), 6% fish oil (6F group), 2% oxidized fish oil+4% soybean oil (2OF group), 4% oxidized fish oil+2% soybean oil (4OF group) and 6% oxidized fish oil (6OF group), respectively. A total of 350 grass carp with the average body weight of (74.82±1.49) g were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 20 fish per replicate. The results showed as follows: compared with 6S group, the specific gain rate (SGR) of grass carp in 6F, 2OF, 4OF and 6OF groups was decreased by 5.81% to 11.50%, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was increased by 8.64% to 17.28%, and the differences were significant (P<0.05). The content of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was positively correlated (power function) with the SGR of grass carp. On the contrary, the dietary acid value (AV), peroxide value (POV) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were negatively correlated (power function) with SGR of grass carp, and positively correlated (power function) with FCR. It meant that, a little AV, POV or MDA content in diets could decrease the growth of grass carp, and reduce the utilization rate of protein and the content of muscle PUFA, and disturb the lipid metabolism. With the further increase of dietary AV, POV and MDA content, the influence of dietary AV, POV and MDA content on growth rate and feed efficiency were stabled in the high level. Results indicate that, on one hand the fish oil provides the diatary unsaturated fatty acids, on the other hand the side effects of the oxidized product for growth of grass carp also significantly show. The key to improve the efficiency of grass carp utilize the lipids is to keep suitable content of unsaturated fatty acids in diets and control the oxidative rancidity of fish oil.

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