动物营养学报 >

2015 , Vol. 27 >Issue 6: 1832 - 1840

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.06.020

饲料安全 Feed Security

粪肠球菌替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率、血液生化指标和免疫器官的影响

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  • 1. 重庆市畜牧科学院, 农业部养猪科学重点实验室, 养猪科学重庆市市级重点实验室, 荣昌 402460;
    2. 西南大学动物科技学院, 北碚 400715;
    3. 北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司, 北京 100081
史自涛(1988—),男,河南焦作人,硕士研究生,从事猪营养研究。E-mail: shizitao9@163.com

收稿日期: 2015-01-04

  网络出版日期: 2015-06-17

基金资助

"十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAD26B02);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-36);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403047)

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Effects of Enterococcus faecalis Substitute for Antibiotic on
Growth Performance, Diarrhea Rate, Blood Biochemical Parameters and Immune Organs of Weaner Piglets

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  • 1. Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences of Agriculture Ministry, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Rongchang 402460, China;
    2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei 400715, China;
    3. Beijing Da Bei Nong Technology Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2015-01-04

  Online published: 2015-06-17

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摘要

本试验在断奶仔猪饲粮中添加不同水平的粪肠球菌,研究其替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻指数和腹泻率、血液生化指标以及免疫器官的影响。选取120头(28±2)日龄平均体重为(7.60±0.81) kg的"杜×长×大"断奶仔猪,随机分为5组,每组6个重复(公母各占1/2),每个重复4头,每个重复为1圈。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组在基础饲粮中添加100 mg/kg硫酸黏菌素和400 mg/kg杆菌肽锌,3个粪肠球菌组分别在基础饲粮中添加40、200和1 000 mg/kg粪肠球菌,试验期31 d。试验结果显示:1)在1~14 d,饲粮中添加抗生素和粪肠球菌对断奶仔猪的平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)以及料重比(F/G)无显著影响(P>0.05)。在15~31 d,与对照组和抗生素组相比,200和1 000 mg/kg组可极显著提高ADFI和ADG(P<0.01)。在1~31 d,与对照组相比,200和1 000 mg/kg组的ADFI均极显著提高(P<0.01),而ADG分别显著和极显著增加(P<0.05和P<0.01);与抗生素组相比,1 000 mg/kg组可极显著提高ADFI(P<0.01),而200和1 000 mg/kg组的ADG分别显著和极显著增加(P<0.05和P<0.01)。2)在1~14 d,与对照组相比,40 mg/kg组的腹泻指数和腹泻率显著降低(P<0.05)。在15~31 d和1~31 d,与对照组和抗生素组相比,40和1 000 mg/kg组均可在一定程度上降低腹泻率(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,粪肠球菌可以显著提高血液中总蛋白含量(P<0.05),其中200和1 000 mg/kg组达到极显著水平(P<0.01),且这2组分别可以显著和极显著提高球蛋白含量(P<0.05和P<0.01)。与抗生素组相比,200和1 000 mg/kg组可以显著提高总蛋白含量(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,抗生素组和1 000 mg/kg组的白球比显著降低(P<0.05),另外,抗生素组血液中谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),200 mg/kg组的谷丙转氨酶活性显著降低(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,1 000 mg/kg组的肝脏重量和脾脏指数有一定程度的提高(P>0.05),与抗生素组相比,200和1 000 mg/kg组可显著提高肝脏重量(P<0.05)。结果表明,饲粮中添加粪肠球菌可改善断奶仔猪的生长性能(饲喂15~31 d),降低腹泻率,提高仔猪免疫力,其中添加量为1 000 mg/kg时效果最好。

关键词： 粪肠球菌; 断奶仔猪; 抗生素; 生长性能; 腹泻率; 血液生化指标; 免疫器官

本文引用格式

史自涛, 姚焰础, 江山, 肖融, 刘作华, 杨飞云, 董国忠, 郭致君 . 粪肠球菌替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率、血液生化指标和免疫器官的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2015 , 27(6) : 1832 -1840 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.06.020

Abstract

This trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of Enterococcus faecalis on growth performance, diarrhea rate, blood biochemical parameters and immune organs of weaner piglets. One hundred and twenty crossbred piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) weaned at (28±2) days of age [the average body weight was (7.60±0.81) kg] were selected and divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group (3 males and 3 females) and 4 piglets per replicate. The control group was fed a basal diet, antibiotic group was fed the basal diet+100 mg/kg colistin sulphate and 400 mg/kg bacitracin zinc, and the three Enterococcus faecalis groups were fed the basal diet+40, 200 and 1 000 mg/kg Enterococcus faecalis, respectively. The trial lasted for 31 days. The results showed as follows: 1) from 1 to 14 days, the diets supplemented with antibiotic and Enterococcus faecalis had no significant differences in average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed/gain (F/G) (P>0.05). From 15 to 31 days, compared with the control and antibiotic groups, 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups could significantly increased ADFI and ADG of weaner piglets (P<0.01). From 1 to 31 days, compared with the control group, ADFI of weaner piglets in 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups were significantly increased(P<0.01), and ADG was significantly increased (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). From 1 to 31 days, compared with the antibiotic group, 1 000 mg/kg group could significantly increased ADFI (P<0.01), while 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups could significantly increased ADG (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). 2) From 1 to 14 days, 40 mg/kg group could significantly decreased diarrhea index and diarrhea rate compared with the control groups (P<0.05). From 15 to 31 days and 1 to 31 days, 40 and 1 000 mg/kg groups could decreased diarrhea rate in some degree compared with the control and antibiotic groups (P>0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, the total protein content in blood in 40, 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups was significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01 and P<0.01, respectively), and the globulin content in 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups was significantly increased (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). Compared with the antibiotic group, the total protein content of blood in 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the albumin/globulin in antibiotic group and 1 000 mg/kg group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), besides, the activities of alanine transferase (ALT) and aspartate transferase (AST) of blood in antibiotic group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the activity of alanine transferase (ALT) in 200 mg/kg group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 4) The liver weight and spleen index in 1 000 mg/kg group had increasing trends compared with the control group (P>0.05), the liver weight in 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups was significantly increased compared with the antibiotic group (P<0.05). The results suggest that supplementation of Enterococcus faecalis can improve growth performance (feed of 15 to 31 d), decrease diarrhea rate, increase immunity of weaner piglets, and the optimum supplemental level of Enterococcus faecalis is 1 000 mg/kg.

Key words： Enterococcus faecalis; weaner piglets; antibiotic; growth performance; diarrhea rate; blood biochemical parameters; immune organs

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