为研究饲粮中添加单一剂量黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)后奶山羊乳中黄曲霉毒素M1(AFM1)的分泌规律及AFB1转化为AFM1的转化率,选择3只健康、体重接近的泌乳中期关中奶山羊,每只羊饲喂1 mg AFB1。饲喂后0、4、8、24、32、48、56、72、80、96、104及120 h采集羊乳,测定AFM1含量。结果表明:1)饲喂AFB1前(0 h),羊乳中未检出AFM1,但是饲喂AFB1后4 h,在收集的羊乳中均检出了AFM1;2)3只试验在羊乳中AFM1含量存在差异,但是其分泌规律非常相似,均呈先升高后急剧下降再缓慢下降的趋势;3)羊乳中AFM1的峰值出现在饲喂AFB1后4~8 h;4)羊乳中AFM1平均含量在56 h时为0.39 μg/kg,低于我国限量值(0.5 μg/kg),到120 h平均含量为0.02 μg/kg,低于欧盟限量值(0.05 μg/kg);5)各时间点AFB1转化为AFM1的最大平均转化率为0.19%,出现在4 h;6)饲喂AFB1后24 h内的AFM1平均转化率之和占AFM1总转化率的81%。结果提示,AFM1在奶山羊乳中的排出时间主要集中在采食AFB1后的24 h内。
The aim of this study was to determine the excretion patterns and carry-over rate of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk of dairy goats fed a single dose of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Three healthy Guanzhong dairy goats in mid-lactation with similar body weight were administered 1 mg of AFB1. Milk samples were collected after 0, 4, 8, 24, 32, 48, 56, 72, 80, 96, 104 and 120 h of AFB1 administration to determine AFM1 content. The results showed as follows: 1) AFM1 was not detected in milk before AFB1 administration (0 h), but was detected in the first milking following AFB1 administration (4 h); 2) the excretion pattern of AFM1 content in milk was very similar in all the experimental goats even if the values differed among animals; 3) The peak value for AFM1 content in milk was observed in milk collected at 4 and 8 h after AFB1 administration; 4) AFM1 average content in milk was 0.39 μg/kg at 56 h and 0.02 μg/kg at 120 h, which moved below the Chinese limit (0.5 μg/kg)and the European Union limit (0.05 μg/kg), respectively; 5) the maximum value of average carry-over rate of AFB1 into AFM1 in milk was 0.19% which appeared at 4 h; 6) the sum of average carry-over rate at different time point in 24 h was 81% of total average carry-over rate after AFB1 administration. In conclusion, AFM1 is mostly excreted in milk of dairy goats in 24 h after AFB1 administration.
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