动物营养学报 >

2015 , Vol. 27 >Issue 10: 3084 - 3093

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.10.013

特种经济动物营养 Special Economic Animal Nutrition

饲粮纤维源及粗纤维水平对肉兔颗粒饲料质量、生长性能和肉品质的影响

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  • 沈阳农业大学畜牧兽医学院, 沈阳 110866
杨桂芹(1966—),女,辽宁凌源人,教授,博士,从事动物营养与饲料研究。E-mail:guiqiny@126.com

收稿日期: 2015-04-24

  网络出版日期: 2015-10-15

基金资助

现代农业产业技术体系建设专项——兔(CARS-44-B-2)

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Effects of Dietary Fiber Source and Crude Fiber Level on Pellet Quality, Growth Performance and Meat Quality of Meat Rabbits

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  • College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China

Received date: 2015-04-24

  Online published: 2015-10-15

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮纤维源及粗纤维(CF)水平对肉兔颗粒饲料质量、生长性能和肉品质的影响。试验采用双因子析因设计,在等能等蛋白质条件下,设2种纤维源(苜蓿草粉、稻壳粉),3个CF水平(12%、14%、16%),共配制6种试验饲粮。饲粮中苜蓿草粉和稻壳粉比例分别为24.5%、31.5%、37.5%和14.0%、17.5%、22.0%。选择144只70~80日龄健康生长肉兔,随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每个重复6只兔(雌雄各占1/2)进行饲养试验,预试期1周,正试期4周。饲养试验结束后,每组取4只(每个重复取1只)兔屠宰,取背最长肌测定肉品质。结果表明:1)以稻壳粉为纤维源制作的颗粒饲料的长度、容重、硬度显著或极显著高于以苜蓿草粉为纤维源制作的颗粒饲料(P<0.05或P<0.01),而以苜蓿草粉为纤维源制作的颗粒饲料的粉化率则极显著高于以稻壳粉为纤维源制作的颗粒饲料(P<0.01)。饲粮CF水平越高,颗粒饲料硬度越大,苜蓿草粉组同时表现出粉化率越低。2)16% CF水平的苜蓿草粉组肉兔平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)最高,而料重比(F/G)最低。而以稻壳粉为纤维源,各CF水平组的ADG、ADFI和F/G无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)饲粮纤维源及CF水平对兔肉pH24 h、剪切力、蒸煮损失均无显著影响(P>0.05),但纤维源对兔肉的滴水损失有显著影响(P<0.05)。综上,与苜蓿草粉相比,以稻壳粉为纤维源利于提高颗粒饲料的长度、容重和硬度;本试验条件下,CF水平越高肉兔颗粒饲料的硬度越大;以苜蓿草粉为纤维源,CF水平为16%(饲粮中苜蓿草粉比例为37.5%)时,肉兔的生长性能最佳;若以稻壳粉为纤维源,其在肉兔饲粮中比例可占到22.0%(饲粮CF水平为16%)。

关键词： 颗粒饲料质量; 生长性能; 肉品质; 纤维源; 粗纤维水平; 肉兔

本文引用格式

杨桂芹, 孙佳易, 郭东新, 田河, 李建涛 . 饲粮纤维源及粗纤维水平对肉兔颗粒饲料质量、生长性能和肉品质的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2015 , 27(10) : 3084 -3093 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.10.013

Abstract

This study was aimed to study the effects of dietary fiber source and crude fiber level on pellet quality, growth performance and meat quality of meat rabbits.The experiment was carried out using two factor factorial design.Six experimental diets were formulated with two fibre sources (alfalfa hay meal and rice husk meal, respectively) and three crude fiber (CF) levels (12%, 14% and 16%, respectively) under the isoenergetic and isonitrogenous conditions, and the proportions of alfalfa hay meal and rice husk meal were 24.5%, 31.5%, 37.5% and 14.0%, 17.5%, 22.0%, respectively.A total of 144 Ira growing meat rabbits aged 70 to 80 days were randomly distributed into 6 groups, and each group contained 4 replicates and each replicate consisting of 6 rabbits (3 males and 3 females) used in feeding trial.The pre trial period lasted for 1 week, and trial period lasted for 4 weeks.At the end of feeding trial, 4 rabbits per group (1 rabbit from each replicate) were randomly selected and killed, and the longissimus muscle was obtained for meat quality analysis.The results showed as follows: 1) the pellet length, bulk density and hardness which from rice husk meal diet were significantly higher than those from alfalfa hay meal (P<0.05 or P<0.01), however, the percent fines of pellet from alfalfa hay meal diet was significantly higher than that from rice husk meal (P<0.01).The higher CF levels the higher pellet hardness, and the lower percent fines in alfalfa hay meal diet.2) The 16% CF level diet with the alfalfa hay meal group had the highest average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and the lowest feed/gain (F/G).And significant effects were not observed for ADG, ADFI and F/G of rabbits fed the diets with rice husk meal of different CF levels (P>0.05).3) The pH24 h, shear force and cooking loss of rabbit meat were not significantly affected by dietary fiber source and CF level (P>0.05), but drip loss of rabbit meat was significantly affected by dietary fiber source (P<0.05).In summary, the diets with rice husk meal as fiber source is in favor of improving the pellet length, bulk density and hardness of meat rabbits compare with alfalfa hay meal.In this experimental condition, the higher CF level the higher pellet hardness; the meat rabbits fed the 16% CF level diet with the alfalfa hay meal (dietary alfalfa hay meal proportion is 37.5%) has the best growth performance; when the diet with rice husk meal as fiber source, the best proportion is 22.0% in the meat rabbit diet (dietary CF level is 16%).

Key words： pellet quality; growth performance; meat quality; fiber source; CF level; meat rabbits

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