饲粮中添加微藻和亚麻籽提高鸡蛋黄中&omega;-3多不饱和脂肪酸含量对比研究

吴永保, 杨凌云, 闫海洁, 蔡辉益, 武书庚, 于会民, 岳洪源, 郑尚宁

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.10.026

动物营养学报 >

2015 , Vol. 27 >Issue 10: 3188 - 3197

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.10.026

饲料资源开发 Feed Resources Development

饲粮中添加微藻和亚麻籽提高鸡蛋黄中ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸含量对比研究

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1. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 生物饲料开发国家工程研究中心, 北京 100081;
2. 新奥科技发展有限公司, 廊坊 065001

吴永保(1991—),男,山东莘县人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:woblin@163.com

收稿日期: 2015-04-24

网络出版日期: 2015-10-15

基金资助

国家现代农业蛋鸡产业技术体系(CARS-41-K13)

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Comparative Study of Increasing ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Content in Yolk by Dietary Microalgae and Flaxseed Supplementation

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1. National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
2. ENN Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Langfang 065001, China

Received date: 2015-04-24

Online published: 2015-10-15

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摘要

本试验旨在比较饲粮中添加微藻和亚麻籽对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋黄脂肪酸组成的影响及蛋黄ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)沉积规律。选取37周龄健康、产蛋率和体形相近的罗曼蛋鸡216只,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每重复12只。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,2个试验组分别饲喂基础饲粮中添加8%微藻(微藻组)和8%亚麻籽(亚麻籽组)的饲粮。试验期4周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,微藻组和亚麻籽组的产蛋率、平均日采食量、平均蛋重和料蛋比均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,微藻组和亚麻籽组的蛋重、蛋黄重、蛋黄比例、蛋白重、蛋白比例、蛋白高度和哈氏单位均无显著差异(P>0.05);但贮存时间延长可极显著降低哈氏单位和蛋白高度(P<0.01),且微藻组和亚麻籽组的降低程度高于对照组;微藻组蛋黄颜色评分极显著高于对照组和亚麻籽组(P<0.01)。3)与对照组相比,微藻组和亚麻籽组蛋黄ω-3 PUFA含量均极显著提高(P<0.01),ω-6 PUFA含量和ω-6/ω-3极显著降低(P<0.01)。4)微藻组和亚麻籽组蛋黄中二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、ω-3 PUFA含量均第13天富集饱和,后出现缓慢降低趋势。由此可见,饲粮中添加微藻和亚麻籽均可生产富含ω-3 PUFA鸡蛋,最佳时间为第13天后,并且对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质无不良影响,但富含ω-3 PUFA鸡蛋不易贮存。

关键词： 微藻; 亚麻籽; 生产性能; 蛋品质; DHA; ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸; 沉积规律

本文引用格式

吴永保, 杨凌云, 闫海洁, 蔡辉益, 武书庚, 于会民, 岳洪源, 郑尚宁 . 饲粮中添加微藻和亚麻籽提高鸡蛋黄中ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸含量对比研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2015 , 27(10) : 3188 -3197 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.10.026

Abstract

This study was conducted to compare the effects of dietary microalgae and flaxseed supplementation on performance, egg quality, fatty acid composition in yolk of laying hens, and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) deposition regulation in yolk.Two hundred and sixteen healthy Lohmann laying hens aged 37 weeks with similar egg production rate and body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 12 hens per replicate.Hens in control group were fed corn-soybean meal basal diet, and two test groups hens were fed basal diet supplemented with 8% microalgae (microalgae group) and 8% flaxseed (flaxseed group), respectively.The experiment lasted for 4 weeks.The results showed as follows: 1) compared with control group, microalgae group and flaxseed group had no significant effects on laying rate, average daily feed intake, average egg weight and the ratio of feed to egg (P>0.05).2) Compared with control group, microalgae group and flaxseed group had no significant effects on egg weight, yolk weight, percentage of yolk, albumen weight, percentage of albumen, albumen height and haugh unit (P>0.05), but albumen height and Haugh unit were significantly reduced after long time preservation (P<0.01), and the reduced levels of albumen height, Haugh unit in microalgae group and flaxseed group were higher than those in control group.Yolk color score in microalgae group was significantly higher than that in control group and flaxseed group (P<0.01).3) Compared with control group, ω-3 PUFA contents in yolk of microalgae group and flaxseed group was significantly improved (P<0.01), ω-6 PUFA content and the ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 were significantly reduced (P<0.01).4) The highest contents of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and ω-3 PUFA in yolk of both microalgae group and flaxseed group could be observed on day 13, but slowly decreased later.It can be concluded that both microalgae and flaxseed can produce ω-3 PUFA enriched eggs and have no negative effects on performance and egg quality, the optimal deposition time is after the day 13, and the ω-3 PUFA enriched eggs are not easy to store.

Key words： microalgae; flaxseed; performance; egg quality; DHA; ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; deposition regulation

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