蒸汽爆破技术对棉籽粕中游离棉酚脱毒效果研究

王清华; 贺永惠; 鲁红伟; 刘兴友

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.02.026

动物营养学报 >

2016 , Vol. 28 >Issue 2: 524 - 530

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.02.026

饲料安全 Feed Security

蒸汽爆破技术对棉籽粕中游离棉酚脱毒效果研究

王清华 ,
贺永惠 ,
鲁红伟 ,
刘兴友

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河南科技学院动物科学学院, 畜禽智能化清洁生产河南省工程实验室, 新乡 453003

收稿日期: 2015-08-05

网络出版日期: 2016-02-19

基金资助

河南省现代农业产业体系——生猪产业体系(S2012-06-02);国家级大学生创新训练项目(201310467024)

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Detoxification Effect of Steam Explosion Technology on Free Gossypol of Cottonseed Meal

WANG Qinghua ,
HE Yonghui ,
LU Hongwei ,
LIU Xingyou

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Intelligent Cleaner Production of Livestock and Poultry in Henan Province Engineering Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China

Received date: 2015-08-05

Online published: 2016-02-19

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摘要

本试验旨在研究蒸汽爆破技术对棉籽粕中游离棉酚的脱毒效果。采用市售棉籽粕,对其进行7种不同的蒸汽爆破处理,蒸汽压强均固定为2.0 MPa,以水料比为0时进行维压30 s的蒸汽爆破处理为对照,水料比为30%、50%时分别进行维压10、20、30 s的爆破处理,每处理重复3次,以游离棉酚含量、蛋白质溶解度为指标,筛选出较佳的处理测定氨基酸含量和营养物质猪仿生消化率数据。结果表明:固定蒸汽压强时,游离棉酚的脱毒率与蛋白质溶解度随着蒸汽维压时间延长而增加,随着水料比的增加先增大后减少。以游离棉酚的脱毒效果与蛋白质溶解度为指标,筛选出的适宜蒸汽爆破处理为蒸汽压强2.0 MPa,水料比30%,维压时间30 s。此时棉籽粕中游离棉酚含量达85.0 mg/kg,脱毒率达87.0%,蛋白质溶解度为42.3%。与对照组相比,蒸汽爆破可极显著降低棉籽粕中赖氨酸含量和精氨酸含量(P<0.01),对体外干物质消化率和总能消化率无显著影响(P>0.05),极显著降低体外粗蛋白质消化率和赖氨酸消化率(P<0.01)。由此可见,蒸汽爆破处理可降低棉籽粕游离棉酚含量、蛋白质溶解度、赖氨酸含量、精氨酸含量、体外粗蛋白质消化率和赖氨酸消化率。筛选出的适宜蒸汽爆破处理为蒸汽压强2.0 MPa,水料比30%,维压时间30 s。

关键词： 蒸汽爆破; 棉籽粕; 游离棉酚; 蛋白质溶解度; 仿生消化系统

本文引用格式

王清华 , 贺永惠 , 鲁红伟 , 刘兴友 . 蒸汽爆破技术对棉籽粕中游离棉酚脱毒效果研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2016 , 28(2) : 524 -530 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.02.026

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the detoxification of steam explosion technology on free gossypol content of cottonseed meal. Seven treatments were exploded to commercially available cottonseed meal, which water material ratio was 0, 30% and 50% and retention time was 10, 20 and 30 s per ratio of water to material, except only 30 s was exploded on 0 water material ratio (control), the steam pressure was kept at 2.0 MPa for all treated cottonseed meal. Each treatment had three replicates. The content of free gossypol and protein solubility were analyzed for choosing a better steam exploded treatment, and then the amino acid content, and nutrient digestibility in vitro by simulative digestion system of pig were analyzed. The results showed that the detoxification efficient of free gossypol and protein solubility were increased with steam retention time increased, and they were firstly increased then decreased with the water material ratio increased. So according to free gossypol content and protein solubility, water material ratio of 30%, steam pressure of 2.0 MPa for 30 s was the better steam explosion treatment, which could remove 87.0% of free gossypol content to 85.0 mg/kg in cottonseed meal, and decrease protein solubility to 42.3%. Compared with the control group, steam explosion significantly decreased lysine content and arginine content (P<0.01), and significantly decreased the digestibility of crude protein and lysine in vitro (P<0.01), but had no significant effect on the digestibility of dry matter and gross energy in vitro (P>0.05). In conclusion, steam explosion treatment can decrease the content of free gossypol, protein solubility, lysine content, arginine content, crude protein digestibility and lysine digestibility in vitro. Water material ratio of 30%, steam pressure of 2.0 MPa for 30 s is chosen as the better steam explosion treatment.

Key words： steam explosion; cottonseed meal; free gossypol; protein solubility; simulative digestion system

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