饲料中添加低聚木糖对仿刺参幼参生长性能、肠道消化酶活力和免疫力的影响

李君华; 刘佳亮; 曹学彬; 李静; 刘石林

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.08.025

动物营养学报 >

2016 , Vol. 28 >Issue 8: 2534 - 2541

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.08.025

研究简报 Short communications

饲料中添加低聚木糖对仿刺参幼参生长性能、肠道消化酶活力和免疫力的影响

李君华 ,
刘佳亮 ,
曹学彬 ,
李静 ,
刘石林

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1. 山东东方海洋科技股份有限公司, 国家海藻与海参工程技术研究中心, 烟台 264003;
2. 中国科学院海洋研究所, 青岛 266071

收稿日期: 2016-02-01

网络出版日期: 2016-08-17

基金资助

山东省农业良种工程重大课题“速生抗病耐高温刺参良种选育”

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Effects of Dietary Xylo-Oligosaccharides on Growth Performance, Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activities and Immunity of Juvenile Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus Selenka)

LI Junhua ,
LIU Jialiang ,
CAO Xuebin ,
LI Jing ,
LIU Shilin

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1. National Alage and Sea Cucumber Project Technology Research Centre, Shandong Oriental Ocean Sci-Tech Co., Ltd., Yantai 264003, China;
2. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China

Received date: 2016-02-01

Online published: 2016-08-17

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摘要

在水温14.8～18.6℃、盐度（29±1）PSU下，用120 L的蓝色塑钢水箱研究了饲料中添加低聚木糖（xylo-oligosaccharides,XOS）对仿刺参（Apostichopus japonicus Selenka）幼参生长性能、肠道消化酶活力和免疫力的影响。配制XOS添加量分别为0（对照）、0.015%、0.030%、0.045%、0.060%和0.075%的6组试验饲料，投喂平均体重为（6.80±1.05）g的仿刺参幼参75 d。每组饲料随机投喂3个水箱，每个水箱放养45头幼参。结果显示：饲料中添加XOS显著提高了仿刺参幼参的特定生长率（SGR）（P<0.05）。饲料中XOS添加水平（X）与仿刺参幼参SGR（Y）之间的回归方程为Y=-151.68X²+13.302X+0.860 7（R²=0.927 5），得出XOS添加量为0.044%时SGR最高。饲料中添加XOS对仿刺参幼参的成活率（SR）和出皮率（GBWR）无显著影响（P>0.05）。饲料中添加XOS提高了仿刺参幼参的干物质表观消化率（ADDM），但仅0.030%组显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。饲料中添加0.030%～0.060%的XOS显著提高了仿刺参肠道蛋白酶、淀粉酶活力和体腔液中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力（P<0.05），以0.045%组肠道蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力最高，以0.060%组体腔液中SOD活力最大。饲喂30 d时，饲料中添加0.030%～0.075%的XOS显著提高了仿刺参体腔液中碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活力（P<0.05），而饲喂60 d时，除0.045%组外，其他各组体腔液中AKP活力无显著差异（P>0.05）。由此得出，饲料中添加0.030%～0.060%的XOS可提高仿刺参幼参肠道消化酶活力，增强其免疫力，从而促进仿刺参幼参生长；仿刺参饲料中XOS的最适添加量为0.044%，建议XOS投喂时间在2个月左右。

关键词： 低聚木糖; 仿刺参; 生长性能; 表观消化率; 消化酶; 免疫力

本文引用格式

李君华 , 刘佳亮 , 曹学彬 , 李静 , 刘石林 . 饲料中添加低聚木糖对仿刺参幼参生长性能、肠道消化酶活力和免疫力的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2016 , 28(8) : 2534 -2541 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.08.025

Abstract

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) on growth performance, intestinal digestive enzyme activities and immunity of sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus Selenka). Juvenile sea cucumbers with an initial body weight of (6.80±1.05) g were fed 6 different experimental diets containing XOS at a dose of 0 (control), 0.015%, 0.030%, 0.045%, 0.060% and 0.075%, respectively, and placed into 120 L blue plastic tanks at water temperature of 14.8 to 18.6℃ and a salinity of (29±1) PSU for 75 days. There were 3 replicates per group with 45 sea cucumbers. The results showed that XOS supplementation significantly enhanced the specific growth rate (SGR) of sea cucumbers (P<0.05). The relationship between XOS supplemental level (X) and SGR (Y) was expressed as Y=-151.68X²+13.302X+0.860 7 (R²=0.927 5), therefore there was the maximal SGR in the sea cucumbers fed the diet containing 0.044% of XOS. There were no significant differences in survival rate (SR) and gutted body weight rate (GBWR) among all groups (P>0.05). XOS supplementation led to enhance apparent digestibility of dry matter for sea cucumbers, but the significant difference only found in 0.030% group and control group (P<0.05). Diet supplemented with 0.030% to 0.060% XOS significantly increased the activities of protease and amylase in intestine and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in body fluid of sea cucumbers (P<0.05). The maximal activities of protease and amylase in intestine were found in the group with the diet containing 0.045% XOS and the maximal activity of SOD in body fluid was found in the group with the diet containing 0.060% XOS. After feeding 30 days, diet supplemented with 0.030% to 0.075% XOS significantly increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in body fluid of sea cucumbers (P<0.05), however, the activity of AKP in body fluid was not affected by XOS supplemental level (P>0.05) except for 0.045% when feeding 60 days. The results indicate that 0.030% to 0.060% XOS supplemented into the diets can enhance the intestinal digestive enzyme activities and immunity, and promote the growth of juvenile sea cucumbers. Base on these results, the optimal dietary XOS supplemental level is 0.044%, and the time of continuous use XOS is about 2 months.

Key words： xylo-oligosaccharides; sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus Selenka); growth performance; apparent digestibility; digestive enzyme; immunity

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