动物营养学报 >

2016 , Vol. 28 >Issue 12: 4044 - 4053

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.12.040

饲料中木薯淀粉添加水平对鲤生长性能、消化能力及糖代谢的影响

  • 范泽 ,
  • 李静辉 ,
  • 王安琪 ,
  • 孙金辉 ,
  • 程镇燕 ,
  • 白东清 ,
  • 乔秀亭
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  • 天津农学院水产学院, 天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室, 天津 300384

收稿日期: 2016-06-14

  网络出版日期: 2016-12-17

基金资助

天津市科技支撑计划项目（13ZCZDNC00900）；天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划（14JCQNJC15100）

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Effects of Dietary Cassava Starch Supplemental Level on Growth Performance, Digestive Ability and Glycometabolism of Common Carp

  • FAN Ze ,
  • LI Jinghui ,
  • WANG Anqi ,
  • SUN Jinhui ,
  • CHENG Zhenyan ,
  • BAI Dongqing ,
  • QIAO Xiuting
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  • Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China

Received date: 2016-06-14

  Online published: 2016-12-17

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摘要

在实用饲料配方的基础上，添加5%（对照组）、10%与20%的木薯淀粉，配制成3种等脂（粗脂肪含量为6.7%左右）等能（总能为16 MJ/kg左右）饲料，在网箱中饲养平均体重为（55.73±3.55）g的鲤8周，研究饲料中木薯淀粉添加水平对鲤生长性能、消化能力及糖代谢的影响，以考察木薯淀粉替代饲料中鱼粉的可行性。每种饲料设3个重复，每个重复投喂50尾试验鱼。结果显示：鲤的增重率（WGR）、特定生长率（SGR）、蛋白质效率（PER）、肥满度（CF）均以20%木薯淀粉组为最高，显著高于5%木薯淀粉组（P<0.05），而肝体比则以20%木薯淀粉组为最低，显著低于5%木薯淀粉组（P<0.05）。随着木薯淀粉添加水平的升高，鲤的肠道蛋白酶活性呈下降趋势，5%木薯淀粉组显著高于20%木薯淀粉组（P<0.05）。10%木薯淀粉组的肠道脂肪酶活性显著高于5%和20%木薯淀粉组（P<0.05），10%木薯淀粉组的肠道淀粉酶活性显著高于20%木薯淀粉组（P<0.05）。血清中谷草转氨酶（AST）/谷丙转氨酶（ALT）及甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量随木薯淀粉添加水平的升高均呈下降的趋势，而血清总蛋白、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量均呈上升的趋势。随着木薯淀粉添加水平的升高，鲤的肝胰脏AST及ALT活性均呈上升趋势，且20%木薯淀粉组肝胰脏AST活性显著高于5%木薯淀粉组（P<0.05）。鲤肝胰脏6-磷酸果糖-1-激酶、丙酮酸激酶活性均随木薯淀粉添加水平的升高呈上升趋势，且20%木薯淀粉组显著高于5%木薯淀粉组（P<0.05）。20%木薯淀粉组肝胰脏葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶活性显著低于5%和10%木薯淀粉组（P<0.05），10%木薯淀粉组肝胰脏磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶活性显著低于5%和20%木薯淀粉组（P<0.05）。根据本试验得出的结果并从饲料配制的成本考虑，鲤饲料中木薯淀粉添加水平为10%~20%时能够达到促进鱼体生长、维持机体正常的消化能力、保护肝功能的营养需求，并且能够有效调节糖酵解和糖异生关键酶活性。

关键词： 鲤; 木薯淀粉; 消化能力; 肝功能; 糖代谢

本文引用格式

范泽 , 李静辉 , 王安琪 , 孙金辉 , 程镇燕 , 白东清 , 乔秀亭 . 饲料中木薯淀粉添加水平对鲤生长性能、消化能力及糖代谢的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2016 , 28(12) : 4044 -4053 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.12.040

Abstract

An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary cassava starch supplemental level on growth performance, digestive ability and glycometabolism of common carp, in order to investigate the feasibility of replacement of fish meal with cassava starch in diets for common carp. Three isolipidic (crude lipid content was about 6.7%) and isoenergetic (gross energy was about 16 MJ/kg) experimental diets were formulated with 5%, 10% and 20% cassava starch on basis of practical diet formulation, respectively. Common carp with the average body weight of (55.73±3.55) g were randomly allocated to 3 groups with 3 replicates per group and 50 fish per replicate, and the fish in the 3 groups were randomly fed one of three diets. The results showed as follows:the highest values of weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficient ratio (PER) and condition factor (CF) were observed in the 20% cassava starch group and they were significantly higher than those in the 5% cassava starch group (P<0.05); the lowest value of hepatosomatic index (HSI) was observed in the 20% cassava starch group and it was significantly lower than that in the 5% cassava starch group (P<0.05). With the cassava starch supplemental level increasing, the intestinal protease activity showed a decrease trend, and 5% cassava starch group was significantly higher than 20% cassava starch group (P<0.05). The intestinal lipase activity in 10% cassava starch group was significantly higher than that in 5% and 20% cassava starch groups (P<0.05). The intestinal amylase activity in 10% cassava starch group was significantly higher than that in 20% cassava starch group (P<0.05). With the cassava starch supplemental level increasing, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the contents of triglyceride and total cholesterol all showed a decrease tend, while the contents of serum total protein and high density lipoprotein cholesferol all showed an increase trend. The activities of hepatopancreas AST and ALT were increased with the cassava starch supplemental level increasing, and the hepatopancreas AST activity in 20% cassava starch group was significantly higher than that in 5% cassava starch group (P<0.05). With the cassava starch supplemental level increasing, the activities of hepatopancreas phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) and pyruvatekinase (PK) all showed an increase trend, and 20% cassava starch group was significantly higher than 5% cassava starch group (P<0.05). The activity of hepatopancreas glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) in 20% cassava starch group was significantly higher than that in 5% and 10% cassava starch groups (P<0.05), while the activity of hepatopancreas phosphoenolpyruvate (PEPCK) in 10% cassava starch group was significantly higher than that in 5% and 20% cassava starch groups (P<0.05). Combined the results of this study and the cost of feed production, supplementing 10% to 20% cassava starch in the diet can meet the requirements for growth, hepatic function and digestive capacity of common carp, and can effectively adjust the glycolysis and gluconeogenic key enzyme activities.

Key words： common carp; cassava starch; digestive ability; hepatic function; glycometabolism

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