动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 4: 1167 - 1174

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.04.011

反刍动物营养 Ruminant nutrition

蒸汽压片玉米替代饲粮中不同比例粉碎玉米对鲁西阉黄牛生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质与常规化学成分的影响

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  • 1. 中国农业大学动物科技学院, 动物营养国家重点实验室, 北京 100193;
    2. 内蒙古民族大学动物科技学院, 通辽 028000
张亚伟(1989-),男,河南周口人,博士研究生,从事反刍动物营养与饲料研究。E-mail:ywz718@163.com

收稿日期: 2016-10-13

  网络出版日期: 2017-04-14

基金资助

农业部948项目——谷物饲料蒸汽压片处理关键设备和技术引进（2003-Z77）

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Effects of Different Proportions of Steam-Flaked Corn Substituted for Milling Corn in Diets on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance, Beef Quality and Conventional Chemical Components of Luxi Crossbred Steers

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  • 1. State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China

Received date: 2016-10-13

  Online published: 2017-04-14

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摘要

本试验旨在研究蒸汽压片玉米替代饲粮中不同比例粉碎玉米对鲁西阉黄牛生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质与常规化学成分的影响。选取48头21月龄左右的鲁西阉黄牛[体重（459.6±10.3）kg]，按照体重随机分为4组，每组12头牛，分别分配至3个围栏中进行饲养，每个围栏4头牛。4组试验牛饲喂4种不同的饲粮，分别为SFC0、SFC33、SFC67、SFC100，代表饲粮中蒸汽压片玉米替代粉碎玉米的比例分别为0、33%、67%和100%，饲粮中玉米含量为35.85%。试验期共180 d，分为2个阶段，第1阶段共84 d，包括14 d的预试期和70 d的正试期，试验结束后对生长性能进行测定；第2阶段共96 d，对肉牛进行育肥，试验结束后对屠宰性能和肉品质与常规化学成分进行测定。结果显示：SFC100组的平均日增重（ADG）较SFC67、SFC33和SFC0组分别提高了14.95%、25.77%和38.20%，且SFC100、SFC67和SFC0组之间具有显著差异（P<0.05）；同时，与SFC0组相比，SFC33、SFC67和SFC100组的料重比分别降低了7.73%、17.01%和25.34%，且各组之间均存在显著差异（P<0.05）。除SFC100组的眼肌面积显著大于SFC0组（P<0.05）外，蒸汽压片玉米替代饲粮中不同比例粉碎玉米未对屠宰性能和肉品质与常规化学成分产生显著影响（P>0.05）。此外，随着饲粮中蒸汽压片玉米替代比例的增加，肉牛的终末体重、ADG、眼肌面积和大理石花纹等级呈线性增加（P<0.05），而料重比和屠宰率则呈线性降低（P<0.05）。由此可见，在饲粮中使用蒸汽压片玉米全部替代粉碎玉米可以在不影响屠宰性能和肉品质的基础上，显著提高鲁西阉黄牛的ADG和饲料转化效率，并在一定程度上能够提高优质牛肉切块的质量等级。

关键词： 蒸汽压片玉米; 粉碎玉米; 鲁西阉黄牛; 生长性能; 屠宰性能; 肉品质; 肉常规化学成分

本文引用格式

张亚伟, 魏曼琳, 吴浩, 周振明, 孟庆翔 . 蒸汽压片玉米替代饲粮中不同比例粉碎玉米对鲁西阉黄牛生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质与常规化学成分的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(4) : 1167 -1174 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.04.011

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different proportions of steam-flaked corn (SFC) substituted for milling corn (MC) in diets on growth performance, slaughter performance, beef quality and conventional chemical components of Luxi crossbred steers. Forty-eight 21-month-old Luxi crossbred steers with the body weight of (459.6±10.3) kg were randomly divided into four groups according to body weight, each group had twelve steers, which were housed in three pens with four steer per pen, respectively. Four different diets were randomly assigned to four groups:SFC0, SFC33, SFC67 and SFC100, which represented the 0, 33%, 67% and 100% of MC substituted with SFC in diets, respectively. The content of corn in diets was 35.85%. The experiment lasted for 180 days including two stages. The first stage lasted for 84 days including 14 days for adaptation and 70 days for sampling, and the growth performance was measured at the end of trial. The second stage lasted for 96 days which was used to fat steers, and the slaughter performance, beef quality and conventional chemical components were measured at the end of trial. The results showed as follows:the average daily gain (ADG) of SFC100 group was increased by 14.95%, 25.77% and 38.20% compared with SFC67, SFC33 and SFC0 groups, respectively, and there were significant differences among SFC100, SFC67 and SFC0 groups (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the ratio of feed to gain of SFC33, SFC67 and SFC100 groups was decreased by 7.73%, 17.01% and 25.34% compared with SFC0 group, respectively, and it had significant difference among groups (P<0.05). Except that ribeye area of SFC100 group was significantly greater than that of SFC0 group (P<0.05), different proportions of SFC substituted for MC in diets had no significant effects on the other slaughter performance, beef quality and conventional chemical components (P>0.05). Furthermore, the final body weight, ADG, ribeye area and marbling grade increased linearly (P<0.05), while the ratio of feed to gain and dressing percentage decreased linearly (P<0.05) as the increase of substitution proportion of SFC in diets. The results indicate that MC total substitute with SFC can significantly improve the ADG, feed efficiency and quality grade of quality beef cuts to some extent of Luxi crossbred steers, while has no effects on slaughter performance, beef quality and conventional chemical components.

Key words： steam-flaked corn; milling corn; Luxi crossbred steers; growth performance; slaughter performance; beef quality; beef conventional chemical components

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