动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 4: 1418 - 1426

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.04.041

研究简报 Short communications

饲料脂肪水平对黄姑鱼幼鱼生长性能、肌肉组成和血浆生化指标的影响

展开
  • 1. 集美大学水产学院, 农业部东海海水健康养殖重点实验室, 厦门 361021;
    2. 福建省宁德市水产技术推广站, 宁德 352000
叶坤(1984-),男,湖北孝感人,助理实验师,硕士,从事鱼类遗传育种、养殖技术研究。E-mail:kye1015@jmu.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2016-10-09

  网络出版日期: 2017-04-14

基金资助

厦门南方海洋研究中心重大项目（14GZY70NF34）；福建省农业高校产学合作重大项目（2014N5011）

收起

Effects of Dietary Lipid Level on Growth Performance, Muscle Composition and Plasma Biochemical Indices of Juvenile Nibea albiflora

Expand
  • 1. Key Laboratory of Healthy Maricultrue for East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China;
    2. Fisheries Technology Extension Station of Ningde Municipality, Ningde 352000, China

Received date: 2016-10-09

  Online published: 2017-04-14

Fold

摘要

本研究以鱼油为主要脂肪源，配制脂肪水平分别为4.07%（L4组）、7.04%（L7组）、10.05%（L10组）和12.97%（L13组）的4种等氮配合饲料，并将1 200尾初始平均体重为（41.7±3.1）g的黄姑鱼幼鱼分成4组，进行为期8周的饲养试验，探讨饲料脂肪水平对黄姑鱼幼鱼生长性能、肌肉组成和血浆生化指标的影响。每组设3个重复，每个重复放养100尾鱼。结果表明：L4和L7组黄姑鱼幼鱼的终末均重、终末均体长、增重率、成活率、饲料效率、蛋白质效率、肥满度和脏体比均显著高于L10和L13组（P<0.05）；L7组黄姑鱼幼鱼的特定生长率和肝体比显著高于L10和L13组（P<0.05），但L7和L4组之间差异不显著（P>0.05）；L4、L7和L10组黄姑鱼幼鱼的肌肉粗蛋白质含量显著高于L13组（P<0.05），L4、L7和L10组之间差异不显著（P>0.05）；L4组黄姑鱼幼鱼的肌肉粗脂肪含量显著低于L7、L10和L13组（P<0.05），L7、L10和L13组之间差异不显著（P>0.05）；L7组黄姑鱼幼鱼的肌肉粗灰分含量显著低于L4、L10和L13组（P<0.05），L4、L10和L13组之间差异不显著（P>0.05）；L4和L7组黄姑鱼幼鱼的血浆中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白含量显著高于L10和L13组（P<0.05），而葡萄糖和胆固醇含量以及乳酸脱氢酶、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶活性则显著低于L10和L13组（P<0.05）。综合以上试验结果，在本试验条件下，黄姑鱼幼鱼饲料中适宜的脂肪水平为7.04%。

关键词： 黄姑鱼幼鱼; 饲料脂肪水平; 生长性能; 肌肉组成; 血浆生化指标

本文引用格式

叶坤, 王秋荣, 谢仰杰, 王志勇, 陈庆凯 . 饲料脂肪水平对黄姑鱼幼鱼生长性能、肌肉组成和血浆生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(4) : 1418 -1426 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.04.041

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary lipid level on growth performance, muscle composition and plasma biochemical indices of juvenile Nibea albiflora. A total of 1 200 juvenile Nibea albiflora with the average initial body weight of (41.7±3.1) g were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed iso-nitrogenous formulate diets containing different lipid levels[4.07% (L4 group), 7.04% (L7 group), 10.05% (L10 group) and 12.97% (L13 group), respectively] using fish oil as the lipid source for 8 weeks. Each group had 3 replicates and each replicate fed with 100 fish. The results showed that the final average weight (FW), final average length (FL), weight gain rate (WGR), survival rate (SR), feed efficiency (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), condition factor (CF) and viserosomatic index (VSI) of juvenile Nibea albiflora in L4 and L7 groups were significantly higher than those in L10 and L13 groups (P<0.05). The specific growth rate (SGR) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) of juvenile Nibea albiflora in L7 group were significantly higher than those in L10 and L13 groups (P<0.05), while no significant difference was found between L4 and L7 groups (P>0.05). The muscle crude protein content of juvenile Nibea albiflora in L4, L7 and L10 groups was significantly higher than that in L13 group (P<0.05), which showed no significant difference among L4, L7 and L10 groups (P>0.05). The muscle crude lipid content of juvenile Nibea albiflora in L4 group was significantly lower than that in L7, L10 and L13 groups (P<0.05), while no significant differences were found among L7, L10 and L13 groups (P>0.05). The muscle ash content of juvenile Nibea albiflora in L7 group was significantly lower than that in L4, L10 and L13 groups (P<0.05), while no significant differences were found among L4, L10 and L13 groups (P>0.05). The total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), triacylglycerol (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) contents in plasma of juvenile Nibea albiflora in L4 and L7 groups were significantly higher than those in L10 and L13 groups (P<0.05), while the contents of glucose (GLU) and cholesterol (CHOL) and the activities of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly lower than those in L10 and L13 groups (P<0.05). The results indicate that the optimal dietary lipid level of juvenile Nibea albiflora is 7.04% under the present experimental conditions.

Key words： juvenile Nibea albiflora; dietary lipid level; growth performance; muscle composition; plasma biochemical indices

参考文献

[1] 朱元鼎,罗云林,伍汉霖.中国石首鱼类分类系统的研究和新属新种的叙述[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1963:47-57.

[2] 朱元鼎,张春霖,成庆泰.东海鱼类志[M].北京:科学出版社,2005:277-278.

[3] 倪勇,伍汉霖.江苏鱼类志[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:543.

[4] 雷霁霖,樊宁臣,郑澄伟.黄姑鱼(Nibea albiflora Richardson)胚胎及仔、稚鱼形态特征的初步观察[J].海洋水产研究,1981(2):77-84.

[5] 陈超,徐延康,雷霁霖.黄姑鱼人工育苗初步试验[J].水产科学,1989,8(1):7-11.

[6] 雷霁霖,陈超,徐延康,等.黄姑鱼工厂化育苗技术研究[J].海洋科学,1992(6):5-10.

[7] 孙忠,余方平,程国宝.舟山近海黄姑鱼室内全人工育苗技术研究[J].浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,2005,24(1):27-30,47.

[8] 楼宝,史会来,毛国民,等.黄姑鱼全人工繁育及大规格苗种培育技术研究[J].现代渔业信息,2011,26(3):20-23.

[9] 林楠,姜亚洲,袁兴伟,等.象山港黄姑鱼的繁殖生物学[J].海洋渔业,2013,35(4):389-395.

[10] 杨育凯,谢仰杰,蔡明夷,等.黄姑鱼雌核发育诱导及鉴定[J].水产学报,2013,37(9):1297-1303.

[11] 蔡厚才,林岿璇,陈传再.南麂海区黄姑鱼网箱养殖技术研究[J].浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,2001,20(1):66-69.

[12] 吴常文,赵淑江,胡春春.东海黄姑鱼年龄与生长的初步研究[J].海洋渔业,2005,27(3):193-199.

[13] 刘巧灵.黄姑鱼Nibea albiflora (Richardson)苗种网箱暂养技术研究[J].现代渔业信息,2009,24(1):20-22.

[14] 徐冬冬,詹炜,楼宝,等.网箱养殖黄姑鱼生长特性初步研究[J].渔业现代化,2010,37(5):34-37.

[15] 马爱敏,闫茂仓,常维山,等.黄姑鱼创伤弧菌的分离和鉴定[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2008,24(10):960-964.

[16] 闫茂仓,单乐州,陈少波,等.黄姑鱼淀粉卵涡鞭虫病的防治[J].水产科技情报,2009,36(2):63-64.

[17] 吕纪增.黄姑鱼五种常见病害的防治[J].齐鲁渔业,2006,23(6):46-47.

[18] 张赛乐,闫茂仓,陈少波,等.枯草芽孢杆菌对黄姑鱼免疫机能的影响[J].科技通报,2012,28(11):61-65,129.

[19] 金煜华,谢中国,楼宝,等.黄姑鱼仔稚鱼发育过程中氨基酸和脂肪酸的变化[J].浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,2014,33(1):53-58.

[20] 谢中国,王芙蓉,罗玉双,等.不同壁材微胶囊饲料对黄姑鱼稚鱼生长和消化酶活力的影响[J].水生生物学报,2015,39(1):52-57.

[21] 鲁琼,王立改,楼宝,等.饲料蛋白质水平对黄姑鱼幼鱼生长性能、体组成和消化酶活性的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(12):3763-3771.

[22] WATANABE T.Lipid nutrition in fish[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B:Comparative Biochemistry,1982,73(1):3-15.  

[23] BROMLEY P J.Effect of dietary protein,lipid and energy content on the growth of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.)[J].Aquaculture,1980,19(4):359-369.  

[24] VERGARA J M,LÓPEZ-CALERO G,ROBAINA L,et al.Growth,feed utilization and body lipid content of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) fed increasing lipid levels and fish meals of different quality[J].Aquaculture,1999,179(1/2/3/4):35-44.

[25] 李爱杰.水产动物营养与饲料学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1996.

[26] SARGENT J R,TOCHER D R,BELL J B.The lipids[M]//HALVER J E,HARDY R W.Fish nutrition.3rd ed.San Diego:Academic Press,2002:181-246.

[27] 娄忠玉.虹鳟脂肪肝病的病因、病理及防治[J].鱼类病害研究,2000,22(4):24-25.

[28] 蒋步国.饲料中不同蛋白质和脂肪水平对美国红鱼脂肪肝病的研究[J].科学养鱼,2015,31(12):68-69.

[29] 甘晖,李坚明,冯广朋,等.饲料脂肪水平对奥尼罗非鱼幼鱼生长和血浆生化指标的影响[J].上海海洋大学学报,2009,18(1):35-41.

[30] YI X W,ZHANG F,XU W,et al.Effects of dietary lipid content on growth,body composition and pigmentation of large yellow croaker Larimichthys croceus[J].Aquaculture,2014,434:355-361.

[31] HUANG Y S,WEN X B,LI S K,et al.Effects of dietary lipid levels on growth,feed utilization,body composition,fatty acid profiles and antioxidant parameters of juvenile chu's croaker Nibea coibor[J].Aquaculture International,2016,24(5):1229-1245.  

[32] 邱金海,杨清山,林星.饲料中不同的蛋白质水平对黄姑鱼生长性能的影响[J].现代农业科技,2016(8):235-237,246.

[33] 黄钧,杨凇,覃志彪,等.云斑鮰、泥鳅和瓦氏黄颡鱼的含肉率及营养价值比较研究[J].水生生物学报,2010,34(5):990-997.

[34] PERES H,OLIVA-TELES A.Effect of dietary lipid level on growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax)[J].Aquaculture,1999,179(1/2/3/4):325-334.

[35] 王菊华,薛敏,丁建中,等.鱼类营养性脂肪肝的研究进展[J].饲料工业,2008,29(4):34-37.

[36] 施兆鸿,岳彦峰,彭士明,等.饲料脂肪水平对褐菖鲉血清生化指标、免疫及抗氧化酶活力的影响[J].中国水产科学,2013,20(1):101-107.

[37] 王爱民,韩光明,封功能,等.饲料脂肪水平对吉富罗非鱼生产性能、营养物质消化及血液生化指标的影响[J].水生生物学报,2011,35(1):80-87.

[38] KJAER M A,VEGUSDAL A,BERGE G M,et al.Characterisation of lipid transport in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) when fasted and fed high or low fat diets[J].Aquaculture,2009,288(3/4):325-336.

[39] 董晓慧,杨俊江,谭北平,等.幼鱼和养成阶段斜带石斑鱼对饲料中脂肪的需要量[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(1):133-146.

[40] 冯健,贾刚.饵料中不同脂肪水平诱导红姑鱼脂肪肝病的研究[J].水生生物学报,2005,29(1):61-64.

[41] DU Z Y,LIU Y J,TIAN L X,et al.Effect of dietary lipid level on growth,feed utilization and body composition by juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2005,11(2):139-146.  

[42] 康格菲.临床生物化学[M].北京:人民卫生出版,1989:73-96.

[43] 向枭,周兴华,陈建,等.饲料中豆粕蛋白替代鱼粉蛋白对齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼生长性能、体成分及血液生化指标的影响[J].水产学报,2012,36(5):723-731.

[44] 惠天朝,施明华,朱荫湄.硒对罗非鱼慢性镉中毒肝抗氧化酶及转氨酶的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2000,20(3):264-266.

[45] 周玉香,吕玉玲,王洁,等.血液生化指标在动物生产与营养调控研究中的应用概况[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2012,33(5/6):72-74.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2