苎麻青贮替代苜蓿干草对奶牛生产性能、乳成分及血清指标的影响

吴端钦, 魏仲珊, 高帅, 李志才, 曾国璋, 侯振平, 王延周, 戴求仲

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.05.024

动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 5: 1645 - 1651

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.05.024

饲料资源开发 Feed Resources Development

苎麻青贮替代苜蓿干草对奶牛生产性能、乳成分及血清指标的影响

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1. 中国农业科学院麻类研究所, 长沙 410205;
2. 湖南省畜牧兽医研究所, 长沙 410131;
3. 湖南德人牧业有限公司, 长沙 410131

吴端钦(1980-),男,河南濮阳人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事南方牧草资源的开发与利用研究。E-mail:wuduanqin@caas.cn

收稿日期: 2016-11-01

网络出版日期: 2017-05-13

基金资助

中国农业科学院农业科学与技术创新工程专项资金（ASTIP-IBFC02）；湖南省重点研发计划（2016NK2170）

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Effects of Replacing Different Partial Alfalfa Hay with Ramie Silage on Performance, Milk Composition and Serum Parameters of Dairy Cows

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1. Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultrial Sciences, Changsha 410205, China;
2. Hunan Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Changsha 410131, China;
3. Hunan Deren Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Changsha 410131, China

Received date: 2016-11-01

Online published: 2017-05-13

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摘要

本试验旨在研究苎麻青贮替代饲粮中苜蓿干草对奶牛生产性能、乳成分及血清指标的影响。选用24头体重、胎次、产奶量接近的健康荷斯坦奶牛，随机分为4组，每组6头，各组以苎麻青贮分别等量替代基础饲粮中0（对照组）、33%（试验1组）、67%（试验2组）和100%的苜蓿干草（试验3组）。预试期14 d，正试期60 d。结果表明：1）苎麻青贮中的粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维以及粗灰分的含量均高于苜蓿干草。2）苎麻青贮替代苜蓿干草对奶牛干物质采食量、产奶量及乳成分含量均无显著影响（P>0.05）。3）苎麻青贮替代苜蓿干草对血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、葡萄糖、甘油三酯、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶含量及谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性均无显著影响（P>0.05）。4）试验3组的血清尿素氮含量显著高于试验1组和试验2组（P<0.05），与对照组之间无显著差异（P>0.05）。5）对照组和试验1组血清总胆固醇含量显著高于试验2组（P<0.05），试验2组与试验3组之间无显著差异（P>0.05）。6）随着苎麻青贮添加比例的增加，血清总抗氧化能力和超氧化物歧化酶含量逐渐升高，试验3组显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。综合得出，苎麻青贮可以替代奶牛饲粮中苜蓿干草，而不影响生产性能、乳成分及血清指标，适宜的替代比例为33%~67%。

关键词： 苎麻青贮; 荷斯坦奶牛; 生产性能; 乳成分; 血清生化指标; 血清抗氧化指标

本文引用格式

吴端钦, 魏仲珊, 高帅, 李志才, 曾国璋, 侯振平, 王延周, 戴求仲 . 苎麻青贮替代苜蓿干草对奶牛生产性能、乳成分及血清指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(5) : 1645 -1651 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.05.024

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of replacing alfalfa hay with ramie silage in diet on performance, milk composition and serum parameters of dairy cows. Twenty-four healthy Holstein cows with similar body weight, parity and milk yield were randomly divided into four groups with 6 cows per group. Different proportions [0 (control group), 33% (trial group 1), 67% (trial group 2) and 100% (trial group 3)] of alfalfa hay in diet were replaced with equivalent ramie silage. The pretrial lasted for 14 d, and the trial lasted for 60 d. The results showed as follows: 1) the contents of crude protein, ether extract, crude fiber and crude ash were higher in ramie silage than alfalfa hay. 2) Dry matter intake, milk yield and milk composition contents were not significantly affected by replacing of alfalfa hay with ramie silage (P>0.05). 3) Serum total protein, albumin, glucose, triglyceride and glutathione peroxidase contents, and aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transarninase activities were not significantly affected by replacing of alfalfa hay with ramie silage (P>0.05). 4) Serum urinary nitrogen content of trial group 3 was significantly higher than that of trial groups 1 and 2 (P<0.05), but no significant difference with control group was found (P>0.05). 5) Serum total cholesterol content of control group and trial group 1 was significantly higher than that of trial group 2 (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between trial groups 2 and 3 (P>0.05). 6) With the increase of ramie silage proportion, serum total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase content were increased, and trial group 3 was significantly higher than control group (P<0.05). Therefore, alfalfa hay can be replaced with silage ramie in diary diet without effects on performance, milk composition and serum parameters, and the optimum proportion was 33% to 67% under this experimental conditions.

Key words： ramie silage; Holstein cow; performance; milk composition; serum biochemical parameter; serum antioxidant parameter

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