动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 9: 3175 - 3183

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.09.020

饲料营养 Feed science and technology

低铜饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌对5~16周龄五龙鹅肠道发育、微生物菌群结构及血清酶活性的影响

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  • 青岛农业大学优质水禽研究所, 国家水禽产业技术体系营养与饲料功能研究室, 青岛 266109
张名爱(1979-),女,山东龙口人,高级实验师,硕士,研究方向为家禽营养与保健。E-mail:13705320869@126.com

收稿日期: 2017-03-01

  网络出版日期: 2017-09-08

基金资助

国家水禽产业技术体系专项基金（CARS-43-11）；山东省良种工程项目（12-1-3——17-nsh）

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Effects of Diet with Low Copper Level and Adding Bacillus subtilis on Intestinal Development, Microbial Community Structure and Serum Enzyme Activity of Wulong Geese Aged from 5 to 16 Weeks

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  • Nutrition and Feed Laboratory of China Agriculture Research System Qingdao, Institute of High Quality Waterfowl, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China

Received date: 2017-03-01

  Online published: 2017-09-08

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摘要

本试验旨在研究低铜饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌对5~16周龄五龙鹅肠道发育、微生物菌群结构及血清酶活性的影响。试验选用29日龄五龙鹅360只，随机分为6组，每组6个重复，每个重复10只（公母各占1/2）。Ⅰ组为最适铜添加组（铜添加水平为16 mg/kg，未添加枯草芽孢杆菌）；Ⅱ~Ⅵ组为枯草芽孢杆菌添加组，铜添加水平分别为0、4、8、12、16 mg/kg，枯草芽孢杆菌添加水平均为250 mg/kg。试验期12周。结果表明：1）Ⅱ~Ⅵ组的空肠绒毛高度和绒腺比极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.01），空肠隐窝深度显著或极显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05或P<0.01）；Ⅲ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组的空肠肠壁厚度显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。Ⅱ~Ⅵ组之间的空肠绒毛高度、肠壁厚度和绒腺比无显著差异（P>0.05）；Ⅱ组的空肠隐窝深度显著低于Ⅴ和Ⅵ组（P<0.05）。2）Ⅱ~Ⅵ组的盲肠大肠杆菌数量极显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.01），盲肠双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数量显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。Ⅱ~Ⅵ组之间的盲肠大肠杆菌、双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数量差异不显著（P>0.05）。3）Ⅳ组的血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活性显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅴ组血清谷草转氨酶（AST）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；Ⅱ组血清ALT、AST、LDH活性与Ⅰ组差异不显著（P>0.05）。Ⅳ组血清碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；Ⅱ组血清AKP活性显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。由此可见，低铜饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌能够促进五龙鹅肠道发育，优化微生物菌群结构；铜对鹅肠道发育及微生物菌群结构影响较小。适宜的枯草芽孢杆菌和铜添加水平能够维护机体健康，相互间具有协同作用。

关键词： 铜; 枯草芽孢杆菌; 鹅; 肠道发育; 微生物菌群结构; 酶活性

本文引用格式

张名爱, 杨文娇, 张泽楠, 王宝维, 史雪萍, 岳斌, 葛文华, 郑惠文 . 低铜饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌对5~16周龄五龙鹅肠道发育、微生物菌群结构及血清酶活性的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(9) : 3175 -3183 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.09.020

Abstract

This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of diet with low copper level and adding Bacillus subtilis on intestinal development, microbial community structure and serum enzyme activity of Wulong geese aged from 5 to 16 weeks. A total of 360 twenty-nine-day-old Wulong geese were randomly divided into six groups with 6 replicates in each group and 10 geese in each replicate (half male and half female). Group Ⅰ was the most suitable copper adding group (the copper added level was 16 mg/kg and without Bacillus subtilis), and groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ were Bacillus subtilis adding groups, the Bacillus subtilis added level was all 250 mg/kg, and the copper added levels were 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 mg/kg, respectively. The trial period was 12 weeks. The results showed as follows:1) the villus height and ratio of villus height to crypt depth (V/C) in jejunum of groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ were significantly higher than those of group Ⅰ (P<0.01), and the crypt depth in jejunum was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01); the intestinal wall thickness in jejunum of group Ⅲ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05). There were no significant differences on villus height, intestinal wall thickness and V/C in jejunum among groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ (P>0.05); the crypt depth in jejunum of group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that of groups Ⅴ and Ⅵ (P<0.05). 2) The number of Escherichia coli in cecum of groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.01), and the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in cecum was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There were no significant differences on the number of Escherichia coli, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in cecum among groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ (P>0.05). 3) The serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity of group Ⅳ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05), the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum of group Ⅴ were significantly lower than those of group Ⅰ (P<0.05); the activities of ALT, AST and LDH in serum of group Ⅱ had no significant difference compared with those in group Ⅰ (P>0.05). The serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity of group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05), the serum AKP activity of group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05). In conclusion, diet with low copper level and adding Bacillus subtilis can promote the intestinal development, and optimize the microbial community structure of Wulong geese; copper had less influence on intestinal development and microbial community structure of geese. The suitable adding level of Bacillus subtilis and copper can maintain the health of the body, and mutual has synergistic effect.

Key words： copper; Bacillus subtilis; geese; intestinal development; microbial community structure; enzyme activity

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